This Day, March 4, In Jewish History by Mitchell A and Deb Levin Z"L

 March 4

457BCE (1st of Nisan, 3303): According to chapter 7, verse 9 of the Book of Ezra, Ezra and his followers left Babylonia for Jerusalem

1193: Saladin, the great Moslem leader, passed away.  Among Saladin’s many accomplishments were the re-taking of Jerusalem from the Crusaders and his subsequent defeat of Richard the Lionhearted.  Saladin had begun his leadership career in Egypt where Maimonides served as physician to his court.  There is some question as to whether Maimonides provided medical services to Saladin or to his brother-in-law and his entourage. 

1152: Frederick Barbarossa was elected Roman-German king.  Born in 1123, Barbarossa or Frederick I was Holy Roman Emperor for forty years.  He was slated to lead the Third Crusade along with Phillip of France and Richard the Lion-Hearted.  Unfortunately, Barbarossa drowned before he could help lead the Crusade.  From the Jewish point of view, unfortunately is the correct word to use in describing his death.  Unlike other Crusaders, Barbarossa sought to protect the Jews. He warned local priests and monks not to preach against the Jews.  He told the Diet (Parliament) that anybody who killed a Jew would forfeit his own life.  Thanks to Frederick's efforts, German bishops threatened those who attacked Jews with excommunication.  As a Jewish commentator of that time wrote, "Frederick defended us with all his might and enabled us to live among our enemies, so that no one harmed the Jews."

1215: King John of England makes an oath to the Pope as a crusader to gain the support of Innocent III.  While they may have been odds over many issues, the two leaders both held firm to the concept of allowing the Jews to exist, but in a state of humiliation.  In 1210, John imprisoned the Jews of Bristol and demanded 66,000 in ransom as the price of their freedom.  To move the process along, John reportedly had the teeth of the prisoners extracted one at a time until they agreed to the payment. Such was his treatment of the Jews, that Barons included special language about the treatment of the Jews in the Magna Carta. The Fourth Lateran Council over which Innocent actively presided adopted several cannons attacking Jews including the denying them the right to hold office and the requirement to wear distinctive dress. 

1277: “Emperor Rudolph of Hapsburg granted a charter of rights to the Jews of Prussia.” P 140

1349:  Birthdate of Prince Henry the Navigator.  The Portuguese prince earned his sobriquet and place in history for supporting ever more ambitious efforts to explore the uncharted waters of the Atlantic Ocean and beyond.  His efforts were financed and encouraged by the family of Don Judah Abarbanel a wealthy refugee from Spanish persecution who served as financer and confident to two generations of Portuguese monarchs.

1386: Władysław II Jagiełło (Jogaila) is crowned King of Poland. The situation of the Jews in Poland had already begun to deteriorate prior to his kingship.  In the middle of the century, the Jews were blamed for the Black Plague and attacked by the countrymen.  Under Wladislaus II and his successors the first extensive persecutions of the Jews in Poland commenced, persecutions which the monarch did not act to stop.

1493: According to some records, today Columbus arrived in Lisbon from which he sent the letter that described the results of his first voyage. The letter was addressed to Luis de Santangel, the converso who, as finance minister, had convinced the Spanish monarchs to finance the voyage.

1524: In Cairo, Mohamed Bey freed the Jews who had been imprisoned by the viceroy Ahmed Schaitan on the day on which he planned to kill them.  Ahmed had rebelled against the Sultan and when a Jewish leader, Abraham de Castro, exposed the plot, Ahmed responded by demanding a ransom from the Jews of Cairo and then imprisoning them once they had brought him the money.  This day of deliverance is celebrated as the Purim of Cairo.

1648(8th of Adar): Rabbi Issachar Baer, author Arba’ah Hadashim passed away

1699: Jews of Lubeck, Germany, were expelled.

1743: Birthdate of Tuscan poet Solomon Fiorentino who wrote “Elegie” after the death of his wife Laura Gallico and was the father of Hebrew teacher Angiolo Fiortentino.

1761(OS- 9^th of Adar II, 5521): London physician Meyer Low Schomberg, the German born son of Low Schomberg, the brother of “Salomon, Hertz and Gerson Schomberg” and the father of physicians Isaac Raphael and Joel Schomberg as well as Moses, Solomon, Rebecca, Alexander and Henry Schomberg passed away today after having alienated himself from the London Jewish community because of his feud with Jacob de Castro Sarmento

https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/13297-schomberg-meyer-low

1770: In London,Haham Moses Cohen d’Azvedo, the London born son Daniel David Cohen d’Azvedo and Sara Cohen d”Azvedo, and his wife Sara de Abraham Cohen d’Azvedo gave birth to Samuel Cohen D’Azvedo

1770: Lancaster, PA native Shinah Solomon and Frankfurt, Germany native Elijah Etting gave birth to Hetty Etting.

1776(13^th of Adar, 5536): Fast of Esther; Erev Purim

1781: In Philadelphia, PA Miriam Simon and Michael Gratz gave birth to Rebecca Gratz, one of the most important Jewish women of the 19^th century who according to some was the role model for the character in the novel Ivanhoe.

https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/gratz-rebecca

1787(14^th of Adar, 5547): Purim

1789: James Madison, who championed religious liberty through the Bill of Rights began serving as a member of the U.S House of Representatives from Virginia.

1791: Vermont is the 14^th state to join the Union.  It is the first state to join the original 13 states.  Today Vermont boasts a vibrant, if small, Jewish community.  This includes houses of worship in at least half a dozen cities, a Chabad in Burlington and Hillel chapters at two of the state’s universities. 

 1791: A Christian in Alsace was punished by the Church for lighting a fire for a Jew on Shabbat.

1791: Israel Jacobs of Pennsylvania took his seat as the first Jewish member of the United States House of Representatives.

1793: Philadelphia native “Catherine” Bush and London born Myer S. Solomon gave birth to Alexander Solomon.

1795(13^th of Adar, 5555): Fast of Esther; erev Purim

1796: In Richmond, VA, Richea Myers and Joseph Marx gave birth to Samuel Marx.

1797: John Adams is sworn in as second President of the United States, succeeding George Washington.  This orderly transfer of power, including the acceptance of the outcome of elections, is a uniquely American gift to the world of political science.  At the national level, the U.S. failed to abide by this and the result was four violent years of Civil War.  There are those who would say that the Jewish people have been able to thrive in America because of the stability of the society and because of its respect for the rule of law as epitomized by this seemingly simple event.  Adams, like so many of his New England contemporaries was greatly influenced by his reading of what he called “the Old Testament.”  The images of George III as Pharaoh and the colonists as the modern day Israelites fighting tyranny provide a couple cover for what others might have called treason.  Adams was an early Zionist, writing to the Jewish leader Mordechai Manuel Noah, “I really wish the Jews again in Judea an independent nation.”  For more about the views of our Second President on the Jewish people see http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/US-Israel/adams.html

1798: Catholic women were forced to do penance for kindling fire for Jews on Shabbat. 
Either this is the same episode reported at two different times or being a "Shabbos Goy" was a big no-no among the Catholic hierarchy.

1798: Birthdate of Abigail Judah, the daughter of Baruch Juda, the wife of Moses Judah and the mother of Rachel Judah.

1799: Under cover of night, between the 3rd and the 4th of March, work commenced- the erecting of five batteries, four against the southern wall and one in support of the northern sector.13 The artillery park at Napoleon¹s command consisted only of field pieces, mostly of 12, 8, 6 and 3 "pouces" (=inches of 2.7 cm), of howitzers of 6 pouces and of 6-pouce mortars,14 since the heavy artillery had all been loaded for transfer to Acre bay onto the ships of the flotilla commanded by captain Standelet, and onto the freighters that had been collected for that purpose in the Egyptian harbors. Those ships were only just then commencing their journey north, without the means of contact with the land forces, and Napoleon was compelled to make do with the lighter ordinance at his command. However, he did not seem to have been unduly worried. Most probably, the outward appearance of these antiquated walls revived his confidence in the description of M. de Volney, who, in 1784, had called the ramparts of Jaffa "mere garden walls."

1806: Birthdate of Charleston SC native and cousin of the renowned Judah P. Benjamin, Henry Michael Hyams who “served as the 7^th Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana from 1862 to 1864l

1809(16^th Adar, 5569): Parashat Ki Tisa

1809: James Monroe, who had helped draft the Bill of Rights which included language intended to protect the religious liberty of all Americans, including its Jewish citizens, began serving as President of the United States.

1813: Baptism of Franz Delitzsch “a German Lutheran theologian and Hebraist” who wrote many commentaries on books of the Bible, Jewish antiquities, Biblical psychology, as well as a history of Jewish poetry, and works of Christian apologetics” while also translating the New Testament into Hebrew and raising his son, “an influential Assyriologist and author of works on Assyrian language, literature, and history.

1817: On the day after Shushan Purim, James Madison, who had appointed Mordecai Noah to serve as Counsel to Tunis after the latter had turned down an appointment to serve as U.S. Consul to Riga completed his second and final term as President of the United States.

1817(16^th of Adar, 5577): Grace Mears, the wife of “Haim” Levy with whom she had two children – Judith and Moses – passed away today.

1818: Birthdate of future Kansas City resident Louis Berkowitz, the husband of Henrietta Jaruslawski Berkowit with whom he had seven children – Sarah, Benjamin, Albert, Henry, Rose William and Maurice.

1820: Alexander I of Russia prohibited the employment of Christian servants by Jews.

1822(11th of Adar): Eighty-two-year-old Isaac Franks the American patriot from Philadelphia who served in the Continental Army passed away.

1825(14^th of Adar, 5585): Purim observed on the same day that John Quincy Adams takes the oath of office as president of the United States.

1826: In St. Thomas, Jacob and Leah Biaz gave birth to Sarah Henriquez Morón

1829(29^th of Adar I, 5589): Forty-six-year-old attorney Judah Zuntz, the son of Alexander Zuntz who was a member of Shearith Israel and a supporter of Moses Elias Levy’s plan for educating Jewish youth passed away today after which he was buried in the First Cemetery of Congregation Shearith Israel.

1837(27^th of Adar I, 5597): Parashat Vayakhel and Shabbat Shekalim

1837: Chicago receives its official charter by the state of Illinois. Jews first came to Chicago from Prussia, Austria, Bohemia and sections of modern-day Poland, fleeing oppression to settle in the Chicago area as early as 1832. Kehilat Anshe Mayriv (Congregation of the People of the West), Chicago's first Jewish congregation, was founded in 1847; in 1851 KAM built the city's first synagogue at Clark and Jackson streets, a site now occupied by the Kluczynski Federal Building. It was followed by B'nai Shalom, in 1852, and Chicago Sinai, the city's first Reform congregation, in 1861. The expansion of the Jewish community was slow but steady. In 1871, the Great Fire destroyed many residences near the downtown business district, forcing thousands of people to relocate. The more prosperous German Jews, who made up the majority, moved south along Michigan, Wabash and Indiana avenues, eventually settling in Washington Park, Kenwood, Hyde Park and South Shore; the Eastern European Jews moved west of the central business district in the vicinity of Maxwell Street. Between 1880 and 1900, a new wave of 55,000 Russian and Polish Jews crowded into the Maxwell Street market neighborhood. Yiddish was the language of choice. Dozens of Hebrew schools and Yiddish theaters were organized, and 40 Orthodox shuls were built within walking distance of Halsted and Maxwell streets. As successive waves of Jewish immigrants became settled and successful, the Jewish community began expanding. In addition to continued growth on the South Side, neighborhoods such as Lawndale and Douglas Park on the West Side and Albany Park, Humboldt Park, Lake View, Uptown and Edgewater on the North Side became vibrant Jewish communities. Many Chicago Jews today trace their roots in this city to one or more of these areas. 

1838: The first Sunday School for Jewish students, under the direction of the Female Hebrew Benevolent Society, opened today in Philadelphia, PA.

1839: In Württemberg, Germany, Bernhard Frankfurter, the son of Moses Levi Frankfurter and Mirjam Landauer, and his wife Esther Frank gave birth to Henriette Emma Frankfurter

1844(13^th of Adar, 5604): Fast of Esther; erev Purim

1849: Austrian Jews were granted equal civil and political rights under the new constitution. The imperial government would renege on its promise and full rights would not be finally granted until 1867.

1850: In Winnsboro SC, Sailing and Sarah Cohen Wolfe gave birth to Isabel “Belle” Wolfe Baruch, the Winnsboro, SC, the wife of Dr. Simon Baruch and the mother of Hartwig, Bernard, Herman and Sailing Baruch

1850: In Paris, “Prof. Hermann G. Ollendorff and Dorothea Ollendorff” gave birth to art critic and Franco-Prussian War veteran Gustave Ollendorff who along with is brother Paul “received his Jewish education from the chief rabbi Zado Kahn” and who was the was president of the Union Française de la Jeunesse, which he founded immediately after the close of the war” while also serving as at the head of the bureau of museums, expositions, and art in the department of the fine arts

1851: Fifty-year old businessman, militia colonel and Democrat Party member Emanuel Bernard Hart began serving his first and only term as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, making him the first Jews to serve in Congress.

https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/emanuel-bernard-hart

1851: Alexander Samuel Joseph, the ten-month-old son of Simon and Eliza Joseph was buried today at the “Balls Pond Road Jewish Cemetery.”

1853: Philip Phillips began serving as a U.S. Congressman representing Alabama’s 1^st District.

1855(14^th of Adar, 5615): Purim

1855: After having been out of office for four years, David Yulee, the first Jew elected to the United States, began his second term in office today.

1857: Philadelphia Democrat Henry Myer Phillips began service as a member of the U.S. House Representatives

1857: In Charleston, SC, Rabbi Solomon Jacobs officiated at the wedding of Mr. Magnus of Rome, GA and Rebecca Alexander the youngest daughter of the late Abraham Alexander.

1858: Mary Levy and John Fileman gave birth to Rachel Fileman

1858: Edmund Myer Tobias married Adeline Miriam Alexander today at “Bristol, (Avon), Somerset.”

1859(28^th of Adar I, 5619): Sixty-six-year-old Frances Cohen, the daughter Hymen Cohen and the former Zipporah Isaacs passed away today in London.

1860: Birthdate of Russian native an future resident of Atlanta, GA, Clara Mitnick Massell, the wife of Raphael M. Massell with whom she had five children – Benjamin, Levi, Samuel, Alan, Rebie and Jacob.

1861: Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated as the 16^th President of the United States.  Lincoln sensitivity to Jewish can be seen in the way he handled the law that allowed Jews to serve as Chaplains and the aftermath of General Grant’s infamous order banning Jews from the area under his command.  But Lincoln’s greatest contribution to the welfare of the Jewish people was his successful effort to save “the last best hope of man” which has provided Jews with unprecedented opportunity.

1862: “From the African Coast” published today described the travels of the USS Saratoga through the waters of the South Atlantic including a stop at the island of St. Helena where the ship took on provisions. According to the author, the Jews on the island exploited the plight of the American naval vessel, selling spoiled and overpriced supplies and even exchanging money at rate that exploited the Americans. “The Jews of St. Helena took money out of us and tucked sour flour and bad rice into us, sold us Spanish dollars at 4s. 2d., and took them at 3s. 9d., was a caution, never to come again if we can help it. Even the common necessaries of life were in price luxuries -- for instance, beef, 60c. per pound; mutton, do.; butter, 55c. per pound; eggs, 5c. each, &c., &c.” [It is difficult to know who these Jews were.  During the 1820’s, Nathanial Isaacs’s uncle served on St. Helena as the counsel for France and Holland. Saul Solomon who converted to Christianity was born in St. Helena in 1817 but left to find fame and fortune in South Africa. “The few other St. Helena Jews who settled” on St. Helena “during Napoleon's banishment, the Gideon, the Moss, and the Isaacs families, were all related to” Solomon, and, like him “most of them drifted from Judaism.”

1863(13^th of Adar, 5623): Ta’anit Esther; Erev Purim

1863: Myer Strouse, the Bavarian born American editor, lawyer and Democrat politician began the first of his two terms as a Congressman from Pennsylvania.

1863: A rumor from Jackson, Miss., says that a Jew has been arrested on the charge of offering to spike the guns at Port Hudson for $60,000.

1863: William Sprague completed his term as governor of Rhode Island and took his seat in the United States Senate representing his home state.  While in the Senate Sprague would explain away the suffering of the Jews of Romania as being the result of their taking away the lands and livelihood of the Christian, a pattern that he implied could be repeated in the United States.  Sprague’s words take on additional weight because he was not just an ordinary political hack. He was a successful businessman who supported Abraham Lincoln and was the son-in-law of Salmon Chase, the powerful Republican politician who served as Secretary of the Treasury and Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court.

1863: Myer Strouse, the Bavarian born American editor, lawyer and Democrat politician began the second of his two terms as a Congressman from Pennsylvania.

1864: German born; Tulane University graduate George Michael Deck Hahn began servings as the 19^th Governor of Louisiana.

1865: Birthdate of Lieutenant General Sir George Mark Watson Macdonogh, that rarity among British officers, “a Zionist sympathizer” who was a close enough friend of Chaim Weizmann, that Jewish leader discussed the possibility of having Herbert Samuel removed as British High Commissioner following the issuan”ce of the report issued by the Haycroft Commission of Inquiry.

1865: German born, Tulane University graduate George Michael Deck Hahn ended his term in office as the 19^th Governor of Louisiana.

1866: The Purim Ball: The Wonders or a Persian Temple-A Glimpse of the Glories of Babylon Fun, Frolic and Phantasmagoria” published today described the celebration of the Purim Ball in New York City which was “duly celebrated…with all the pomp, display an out-rivaling effectiveness which was promised for it by its promoters.”

1868: Birthdate of Kiev native, “Talmudist and Hebrew scholar,” Max Jacobs, a partener in the firm of Jacobs and Janowitch and the husband of the fromer Sonia Feldman whom he married in July, 1893 and with whom he had four children – Moe, Libbie, Sadye and Elizabeth – who “has helped various Jewish in situtions in New Haven and New York and who is the borther of J.L. Jacob “a prominent engineer in Chicago.”

1869: William Seward who had served as Secretary of State under Presidents Lincoln and Johnson completed his service in this office following which he took a tour around the world which included a stop in Jerusalem and Palestine which he had first visited in 1859. Seward described in the Jews as “the builders and the founders of “ Jeruslaem.

1870: President U.S. Grant appointed Civil War hero Edward Selig Salomon governor of Washington Territory (the future state of Washington, not D.C.) 

1870: Six days after she had passed away in France, Octavia Dresden, the daughter of Edward Emanuel and Rosetta Mischolls, the wife of Ephraim Dresden and the mother of Mathilda, Ernest and Edmond Dresden was buried today at the “Balls Pond Road Jewish Cemetery.”

1871: In France, Israël-Vita Lattès and Marie ép. Lattès gave birth to Eveline Bethsabée Lattès ép. Mayrargue the wife of Henri Daniel Mayrargue.

1871: Robert C. De Large, the son of black woman and Jewish man, began serving in the U.S. Representatives as a member from South Carolina’s 2^nd district.  A Republican, he had served in the state legislature and as state land commissioner before being elected to Congress.

1872: In Tilsit, East Prussia, Abraham Weil, the son of Salomon Weil, and the former Berta Seligman gave birth to their son Karl Fischel.

1873(5^th of Adar, 5633): Sixty-seven-year-old Bohemia native Siegfried Becher, the University of Prague and University of Vienna educated economist who taught at the Polytechnic Institute in Vienna and was employed in the ministry of commerce from 1848 to 1851 passed away today.

https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/2704-becher-siegfried

1873: Two days after she had passed away Rosa (Joseph) Asher, the wife of Andrew Asher, was buried today at the “West Ham Jewish Cemetery.”1873: Two days after she had passed away, Ruth Ellen Hyam was buried today in the UK

1874(15^th of Adar, 5634): Shushan Purim

1874: In Cincinnati, Ohio, Solomon and Caroline Fox gave birth to Lydia Mack

1874: “The Jews In Italy” published today contains a synopsys of an article by Dr. Berliner published in the Judische Presse. According to Dr. Berliner there are approximately 4,500 Jews living in Rome “most of who are destitute.”  There are 5 synagouges in Rome two of which follow the Sephardic (Spanish) rite and three of which follow the Italian rite. One of the synagogues dates backs to the time of Titus, the Roman who destroyed the Second Temple. 

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9B0DE1DE1039EF34BC4C53DFB566838F669FDE

1875: It was reported today that over 2,000 tickets have already been sold to the upcoming Hebrew Charity Ball sponsored by the Purim Association.

1875: William Sharon began serving as U.S. Senator from Nevada.  When he passed away ten years later, his recipients of his bequests included several California charities including those established by the Jewish community.

1875(27^th of Adar I, 5635): Rabbi Joseph Saul Nathanson of Lemberg, author of Ner Ma’aravi, a novaellae on the Jerusalem Talmud passed away

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0015_0_14591.html

1876: Birthdate of Ferencz Dezso Weisz, the native of Budapest, who “went by the name of Theodore Weiss when the family was living in Appleton, Wisconsin” and who in 1893 as Theodore Hardeen Hardeen performed with Houdini at Coney Island as "The Brothers Houdini:

1876: In Girait, Hungary, Maurice and Rose (Baumgarten) Moschcowitz gave birth to American portrait painter, Paul Moschowitz, the husband of Madeline Rabb and winner of the Silver Medal at the 1904 St. Louis Exposition whose works included “Portrait of Young Woman in Opera Box with Classical Background.”

https://www.invaluable.com/artist/moschcowitz-paul-27ir28f7az/

https://www.askart.com/artist/Paul_Moschcowitz/24442/Paul_Moschcowitz.aspx

1877: “The Russian Army of the South” published today provides a detailed description of Kishinev, the city that is the headquarters of the major Russian unit under the Grand Duke that has been mobilized in the war against the Turks.  Kishinev has a population of 100,000, more than half of whom are Jews. [This is the same Kishinev that will be the site of future horrible Pogroms.]

1877:  Emile Berliner invented the microphone.  He would also invent the flat disc that replaced Edison’s cylinder and became the prototype for the record which would become the standard for the recording industry for the better part of a hundred years.

1877: Leopold Morse began serving as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Massachusetts’s 4^th district.

1878: Birthdate of Toronto, Canada native Murray Leonard Cohen, the Edinburgh University medical student who was buried in that city when he passed away at the age of 24.

1878: The Great Synagogue at 187a Elizabeth Street in Sydney, Australia was consecrated today.

1878: In New York City, Sonny and Hettie (Monsky) Simmons gave girth to NYU trained attorney and Commander of the Spanish War Veterans of New York Maurice Simmons who fought anti-Semitism in the National Guard, led protests during the Kiishineff Masscrest, opposed literacy requirements for immigrants and who got President Taft “to grant leaves of absence to al men of the Jewish faith in various branches of military and naval service.

1879: It was reported today that the Purim Association will be sponsoring a fancy-dress charity ball to be held later this week at the Academy of Music in New York City.

1879: Cincinnati native and CCNY alum Edwin Einstein began his serving his one term of service as a member of the House of Representatives after which he was an unsuccessful candidate as a Republican for the mayor of New ork.

1879(9th of Adar, 5639): Leon Hyneman passed away. Born in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, in 1808, he “was the author of "The Fundamental Principles of Science" and of several works on masonic subjects, the chief among them being "The Origin of Freemasonry" and "Freemasonry in England from 1567 to 1813." Hyneman was one of the members of the Jewish Publication Society of America. Among his eight children were Leona Hyneman who “under the stage name of "Leona Moss," became a talented actress. Another daughter was Alice Hyneman, authoress; born in Philadelphia Jan. 31, 1840; contributor to "The North American Review"; "The Forum"; "The Popular Science Monthly"; and the author of "Woman in Industry," a treatise on the work of woman in America, and of "Niagara," a descriptive record of the great cataract and its vicinity.

1879: Edwin Jonas took his seat as a United States Senator from Louisiana making him the third Jew to serve in “the upper chamber.”

1879: Edwin Einstein, a native of Cincinnati, began to serve as a member of the U.S. House Representatives from New York’s 7^th Congressional District.

1880: Birthdate of Washington, DC native, playwright and drama critic Channing Pollock, author of Adventures of a Happy Man.

1881: William Sharon, who would bestow a bequest of $5,000 on the Hebrew Orphan Asylum of San Francisco, completed his term as service as a U.S. Senator from Nevada.

1881: James G. Fair who would bestow a bequest of $25,000 on the Hebrew Orphan Asylum of San Francisco, began his term as service as a U.S. Senator from Nevada.

1882(13^th of Adar, 5642: Triple Header – Parashat Tetzaveh; Shabbat Zachor; Erev Purim

1883: Leopold Morse began serving as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Massachusetts’s 5^th district.

1883: Julius Houseman began serving as a member of the U.S. House Representatives from Michigan’s 5^th district.

1884: Arthur Sebag-Montefiore and Harriett Beddington gave birth to Charles to English stock-broker Charles Edward Sebag-Montefiore, the husband of Muriel Alice Ruth de Pass.

1885: Birthdate of Pittsburgh native and Harvard trained attorney Allan Davis, the president of the Menorah Society.

1885: Grover Cleveland who relied on Isidor Strauss the co-owner of R.H. Macy and member of Congress as a trusted advisor and whom he appointed as Ambassador to Turkey was inaugurated as 22^nd President of the United States.

1885: Julius Houseman completed his service as a member of the House of Representatives from Michigan’s 5^th district.

1885: Charles Henry Grosvenor is elected to the House of Representatives from Ohio for the first time.  His career will last until 1907, but he will represent 3 different congressional districts.  During his career he will take part in several debates on immigration bills during which he said “he said he would not vote for a measure framed specially to restrict the entrance of the Russian Jews, for such a would be charged up to him as a vote against a man on account of his religion.”

1885: Californian William W. Morrow, who would champion the cause of Adolph Kutner, formerly of Wierbchow, Russia who was afraid to return to his native land on business because of the Czar’s policies, began serving a member of the House of Representatives today.

1885: Joseph Kemp Toole, who would lay the cornerstone when construction was begun on Temple Emanu-El in Helena, Montana began serving as the Delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives from Montana Territory’s At-large district today.

1885: Edwin Jonas, who failed to win re-election, competed his term as a United States Senator following which he was appointed Collector of the Port of New Orleans.

1887: James G. Fair who would bestow a bequest of $25,000 on the Hebrew Orphan Asylum of San Francisco, completed his term as service as a U.S. Senator from Nevada.

1887: William Stewart, who will defend the Jews of Romania against persecution, begins serving as the U.S. Senator from Nevada.

1887: Leopold Morse began serving as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Massachusetts’s 3rd district.

1887: Isidor Rayner began serving as a Congressman from Maryland in the 50^th U.S. House of Representatives.

1889: St. Louis newspaperman Nathan Frank began serving as a member of the House of Representatives in the 51^st Congress. 

1889: In Baltimore, MD, Clara Ostro and Harris Hirschman gave birth to Deichman College and University of Maryland medical doctor Isidore Isaac Hirschman, an instructor at Johns Hopkins Medical School and chief medical officer for the U.S. Veterans Bureau’s 4^th District from 1917 to 1922 who settled in Huntington, West Virginia and who was a member of Oheb Shalom Congregation

1889: Benjamin Harrison who appointed Solomon Hirsch of Portland, Oregon as Minister to Turkey was inaugurated as 23^rd President of the United States.

1890: Seventy-seven-year-old Franz Delitzsch, the “Lutheran theologian and Hebraist” who “wrote many commentaries on the books of the Bible and Jewish antiquities” and who “defended the Jewish community against anti-Judaic attacks” passed away today.

1890: Isidor Gunsburg was among the spectators of the chess match played between Delmar and Lipschutz at the Manhattan Chess Club.

1890: The 29^th annual ball sponsored by the Purim Association took place this evening at the Metropolitan Opera House. Money raised this year will go to the aid of the United Hebrew Charities.

1890: Thieves attempted to rob Solomon Barnett, a Jewish tailor, while he was working at this shop on Lexington Avenue, near 83^rd Street in New York City.1891(24th of Adar I, 5651: Two students at the Hebrew Union College, Isador H. Frauenthal and Ernst Sallinger, passed away today in Cincinnati, Ohio.

1891: In Russia, Fanny Gold and Abraham M. Dubin gave birth to bio-chemist and holder of a Ph.D from the University of Pennsylvania Harry Ennis Dubin the husband of Estelle Amy Schacht whose works included Physiology of Phenols.

https://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/book/lookupname?key=Dubin%2C%20H%2E%20E%2E%20%28Harry%20Ennis%29%2C%201891%2D

https://books.google.com/books/about/Physiology_of_the_Phenols.html?id=sVrdjwEACAAJ

 

 

1891: James B. Eustis completed his last term as a United States Senator following which he would become U.S. Ambassador to France, a position from which he would study the Dreyfus Affair but die before he could deliver his report to the government in Washington.

1892: It was reported today that Abraham Herrman, Simon Borg and Solomon B. Solomon have been unanimously elected to serve three-year terms as Directors of the Hebrew Technical Institute.

1892: Max Marcus Zerner and Julie Zerner gave birth to Alice Zerner who became Alice Eister when she married Otto Eisler.

1893: Grover Cleveland who would lend his support to those who objecting to the treatment of the Jews of Russia and opposed legislation that would have kept Jews from immigrating to the United States was inaugurated as 24^th President of the United States.

1893: In Austria, Anna Wilder and Abram Wolf Tannenbaum gave birth to Dr. Frank Tannenbaum, the New York born labor activist turned economics academic and U.S. Army veteran who taught at Columbia, his undergraduate training ground before his death.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1969/06/02/90108763.html?pageNumber=45

1893: It was reported today that the proceeds from the upcoming ball sponsored by the Purim Association will be donated to the United Hebrew Charities.

1893: “Scenes in the Azores” published today provides a picture of life on these Atlantic Islands including the fact that “native Azorean Jews” have gradually come to dominate the banking business, the importation of coal and the ownership of the mail boats to Lisbon.  The Jews now own homes in Tangiers and Lisbon.

1893: “Manifesto of Jewish Rabbis” published today described a document issued by 210 German Rabbis designed to counteract the increasing power of the country’s anti-Jewish movement.

1894: The Superintendent of the Bureau of Immigration, a section of the Treasury Department, “has received an official denial from the Russian Government that” it is aiding Russian Jews in their efforts to come to the United States.

1894(26th of Adar I, 5654): Fifty-eight-year-old Rabbi Joseph Perles passed away. Born in Baja, Hungary in 1835, he received his early instruction in the Talmud from his father, Baruch Asher Perles, he was educated successively at the gymnasium of his native city, was one of the first rabbis trained at the new type of rabbinical seminary at Breslau, and the university of that city (Oriental philology and philosophy; Ph.D. 1859, presenting as his dissertation Meletemata Peschitthoniana). Perles was awarded his rabbinical diploma in 1862. He had already received a call, in the autumn of the previous year, as preacher to the community of Posen; and in that city he founded a religious school. In 1863 he married Rosalie, the eldest daughter of Simon Baruch Schefftel. In the same year he declined a call to Budapest; but in 1871 he accepted the rabbinate of Münich, being the first rabbi of modern training to fill that office. As the registration law which had restricted the expansion of the communities had not been abrogated until 1861, Perles found an undeveloped community; but under his management it soon began to flourish, and in 1887 he dedicated the new synagogue. He declined not only a call to succeed Abraham Geiger as rabbi in Berlin, but also a chair at the newly founded seminary in Budapest. Perles' most important essays were on folklore and custom. There is much that is striking and original in his history of marriage (Die Judische Hochzeit in nachbiblischer Zeit, 1860), and of mourning customs (Die Leichenfeierlichkeitcn ins nachbiblischen Judenthum, 1861), his contributions to the sources of the Arabian Nights (Zur rabbinischen Sprach-und Sagenkunde, 1873), and his notes on rabbinic antiquities (Beitrage zur rabbiniscizen Sprachund Altertumskunde, 1893). Perles' essays are rich in suggestiveness and have been the starting point of much fruitful research. He also wrote an essay on Nachmanides, and a biography and critical appreciation of Rashba (1863).

1894: As the United States grapples with the problem of unemployment brought by economic depression, the United Hebrew Charities is one of the organizations making daily requests to aid the needy.

1894: Among the donations made to the fund to help New York’s unemployed are R.H. Macy & Co ($100), Simon Borg ($100) and Emanuel Lehman ($100).

1895: “The Pope May Interfere” published today described the Pope’s plans to issue an “encyclical letter denouncing the anti-Semitic agitation in Europe.  The Pope is reacting to the reports brought to him several weeks ago by Cardinal Schoenborn “concerning Jew-baiting in Austria.”

1895: A case was “called against the Adelphi Club” “among whose members are the wealthiest and most influential Jews of Albany, NY” which resulted in the Judge decreeing that private clubs were under the jurisdiction of the Excise Board and must be licensed accordingly.

1895: The 3-year-old “waif” found wandering the streets and known only as “John Doe, No.19” moved to the Hebrew Sheltering Society’s Home where Philip Goodhart, the President of the home gave him the name of Judah Touro.

1895: “Mrs. Ida Lieberman, the convicted fire-bug was taken to Auburn Prison” today to begin serving “her sentence of six years and eight months.

1895: The six-year-old daughter and eight-year-old son of prisoner Ida Lieberman, for whom no provision had been made, were provided with a home today at the Hebrew Orphan Asylum.

1896: Among the facilities being visited by those attending the conference on “Improved Housing” is the Hebrew Institute on East Broadway, where they will be greeted Inspector

Isaac Spectorsky

1897: Joseph Simon, a native of Germany who settled in Portland, Oregon where he became a member of the bar and played an active role in Republican Party politics began serving in the U.S. Senate 

1897: Lucius Nathan Littauer, the first football coach at Harvard, began serving as a Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York’s 22^nd District.

1897: “Two Heroes Remembered” published today summarized a speech given by Hugo Hirsh in honor of the 1^st and 16^th presidents of the United States in which he said that the “Hebrew race was typified by the institutions of the county in that the Hebrew was the most cosmopolitan among peoples and the United States the most cosmopolitan of nations.”  Furthermore, “the principles of educational, religious and political freedom fostered by these two leaders had been of incalculable benefit to the Hebrew race.”

1897: William McKinley was inaugurated as 25^th President of the United States.

1897: William H. King, who in 1927 “declared…that he favored the United States severing diplomatic relations with any country which failed because of anti-Semitism to protect its Jewish nationals” and “expressed the belief that eventually Palestine would be able to support a population of a million Jews” began serving in the House of Representatives today

1899: Jefferson Monroe Levy, the nephew of naval hero Uriah P. Levy, began serving as a Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York’s 13^th district.

1899: Mitchell May who was elected as a Democrat to the 56th United States Congress began serving as a member of the House of Representatives today.

1899: A group of “prominent” Jews met in Cincinnati to plan for the reception and entertainment of the rabbis who will be attending the upcoming annual Central Conference of American Rabbis.

1899: It was reported today that among the three new novels in Houghton, Mifflin & Co.’s spring list is A Tent of Grace, a story of a Jew and a gentile in Germany by Adelina C. Lust.

1900: Birthdate of Slonim, Poland, native Jehoshua Alouf, the Polish gymnast and organizer of the “first five World Maccabiah Games who “served as director of the Israel department of physical education from 1953 to 1957.”

1900: In London, the “Jewish Study Society,” which had been “formed as a result of the visit of the delegates of the Council of Jewish Women in London” met for the first time today.

1900: The Council of Jewish Women which was founded in 1897 began its triennial meeting today in Cleveland under the leadership of its president Mrs. Hannah G. Solomon.

1900: In Philadelphia, PA Joseph and Eva Biberman gave birth to screenwriter and director Herbert J. Biberman who was one of the Hollywood Ten.

http://spartacus-educational.com/USAbiberman.htm

1901(13^th of Adar, 5661: Ta’anit Esther; Erev Purim

1901: Birthdate of Genevieve Brown the wife of Ralph Horween, the All-American Harvard and NFL football player and lawyer who founded the Horween Leather Company with his brother.”

1901: Birthdate of master bridge player, Charles Goren, the Philadelphia born lawyer who probably did more to popularize the game bridge than did any other single American.

http://www.nytimes.com/1991/04/12/obituaries/charles-goren-90-bridge-expert-dies.html

1901: Henry Mayer Goldfogle began serving as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York’s 9^th Congressional District.

1902: It was reported today that “Jefferson M. Levy” is the buyer of” of the property at “219 and 221 Wester 36^th Street” in New York.

1902: Israel Lubarsky, the Son of Leib (Leo) Lubarsky and Rivke Lubarsky and the wife of Devorah (Dora) Lubarsky gave birth to Rebecca Glassberg, the wife of Abe Glassberg and mother of Rosalyn Weinberg and Adeline Hoppenstand

1903: Edmund H. Hinshaw, who in 1906 attended a mass meeting at Belasco’s Theatre in Washington, D.C which was a protest against the atrocities begin committed against the Jews of Russia began his service as a Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Nebraska’s 4^th District today.

1903: Having spent six years serving as a member of the U.S. House of Representative from New York’s 22^nd district Lucius Littauer began serving as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York’s 25^th district.

1903: Henry Thomas Rainey who in 1906 attended a mass meeting held to protest the “atrocities in Russia” and told the audience that the Romanoffs “are inflaming the populace against the helpless Jews – and already the blood of 100,000 Jews cries out for vengeance” began serving as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Illinois’s 20^th district today.

1903: Senator Joseph Simon, Oregon Republican, finishes his term in the U.S. Senate. Simon returned to Portland, Oregon where he resumed his law practice and would serve as mayor from 1909 to 1911.

1904: In Richmond, VA, Beth Ahabah, a Reform congregation that could trace its roots back to 1789, laid the cornerstone for a new house of worship popularly referred to as the Franklin Street Synagogue because of its address 1111 West Franklin Street.

1905 Isidor Rayner began serving as U.S. Senator from Maryland.

1905: “Barney and Fanny (Greenberg) Taber,” gave birth to Madeline Taber who became Madeline Talamo when she married Dr. Haskell Talamo with whom she had three children – Fern, Ronald and Alan.

1905: Frank Putnam Flint, who would be one of those supporting a new trial for Leo Frank, began serving as a U.S. Senator from California.

1905: William S. Bennett, who would publicly support aid for the Jews Europe after the World War broke, began his service as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York’s 17^th District.

1905: William M. Stewart completed his services as U.S. Senator from Nevada.  During one debate on anti-Semitism in Romania, Stewart defended the Jews of charges from Senator Sprague that the Jews were the author of their own suffering because they had been so successful.

1906: Abraham E. Lubarsky, a wealthy tea merchant from Odessa arrived in New York today on the American liner St. Louis and in describing the desperate conditions of his coreligionists said that “A Jew’s Life in Russia is not worth as much as a bad cigarette.

1906: Only days after Martial Law had come to an end a police officer name Kulchitsky was killed in Bialystok.  This killing was one of the many acts of violence that would lead to the pogrom that took place in June of that year.

1907: John Simon Guggenheim, the son of Meyer and Barbara Guggenheim began serving as U.S. Senator from Colorado.

1907: Adolph Joachim Sabath began serving as a Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Illinois’ 5^th district today.

1908(1^st of Adar, 5668): Rosh Chodesh Adar II

1908: As the Jews of Cleveland celebrated Rosh Chodesh, disaster struck the city with the burning of The Lakeview School which claimed the lives of 172 students two teachers and one first responder.

1908: “At the third of his concerts of old music in Mendelssohn Hall” this “evening, Mrs. Sam Franko devoted his entire program to the Music of J.S. Bach.”

1908: Three weeks before his 20^th birthday, Sam Hamburg, the Russian born son of Sam and Bella Hamburg who would become President of Hamburg Realty and Investment Company in St. Louis where he was an active member of the Jewish community married Dora Hamburg today.

1909: Birthdate of Millionaire Real Estate Mogul Harry B. Helmsley.

1909(11^th of Adar, 5669): Fast of Esther observed since 13^th of Adar falls on Shabbat.

1909: The presidency of Theodore Roosevelt came to an end.

1909: William Howard Taft took the oath of office as President of the United States.

1909(11^th of Adar, 5669): Maximillian “Max” Hirsch the Cologne born Australian economist and political leader who was a believer in the Single Tax theories of Henry George passed away today.

https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/hirsch-maximilian-6682

https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/5179721

1909: Ed “Cotton” Smith who as a member of the House of Representatives had opposed legislation that would have exempted Jewish immigrants from Russia from a literacy test began serving in the United States Senate.

1910: The first issue of Der Yiddisher Record, a Yiddish weekly, appeared in Chicago today.

1910: Birthdate of Mt. Pleasant, PA, native Henry Weinberg, the guard for the Duquesne Dukes when they played Miami in the first game of what would become the Orange Bowl before going on to play as a lineman for the Pittsburgh (Football) Pirates who would become the Pittsburgh Steelers.

1910(23^rd of Adar I, 5670): Romanian born Yiddish dramatist Moses Horowitz passed away in the Montefiore Home at the age of 76.  The Bucharest native came to the United States in 1882 and was hailed at his passing as being “the Pioneer Yiddish playwright in New York.”  Five years before his death he lost all of his money while trying to produce a unique Yiddish opera at the Windsor Theatre.

1911(4^th of Adar, 5671): Parashat Terumah

1911: Victor Berger of Wisconsin became the first member of the Socialist Party to be elected to the U.S. House of Representatives.

1911: Edmund H. Hinshaw, the Congressman from Nebraska who in 1906 attended a mass meeting at Belasco’s Theatre in Washington, D.C which a protest against the atrocities begin committed against the Jews of Russia completed his service today as a representative for Nebraska’s 4^th congressional district.

1911: Frank Flint, who in 1915 would offer Governor Slaton who had commuted Leo Frank’s sentence a place of refuge, completed his service as a U.S. Senator from California.

1911: James Edgar Martine, a member of the Democratic Party who would support Jewish fund raising efforts on behalf of their co-religionists in war torn Europe began serving as a U.S. Senator from New Jersey.

1911: Jefferson Monroe Levy, the nephew of Uriah P. Levy began serving as the U.S. Congressman from New York’s 13^th District.

1912(15^th of Adar, 5672): Shushan Purim

1912:  Birthdate of the actor John Garfield in New York. Born Julius Garfinkle, Garfield rose to stardom in the 1930's and 1940's playing a variety of wisecracking, “lover boy” type roles.  One of his most famous roles was in the film hit, “The Postman Rings Twice.”  Garfield was caught up in the Anti-Communist Witch Hunts of the 1950's.

1913: In Mainz, Germany Maier and Selma (Hirschberger) Trepp gave birth to Leo Trepp, the German born American Rabbi who was freed from “Sachsenhausen Concentration on the condition that “he and his wife leave the countries within two weeks – a requirement that led him to England and then to California where he served as the “rabbi for Beth Ami in Santa Rosa and Beth El in Berkley

http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/sfgate/obituary.aspx?pid=145071443

https://www.jweekly.com/2010/09/10/leo-trepp-holocausts-longest-surviving-rabbi-dies-at-97/

1913: Dr. Joseph Hertz sailed from New York on the SS Mauritania bound for the British Isles where he will become Chief Rabbi of England which will make him not only the leader of British Jewry but one of the most influential Jewish clerics in the world.

1913: “On Rivington Street in Manhattan's Lower East Side, Russian Jewish immigrants David and Hannah Garfinkle gave birth to Jacob Julius Garfinkle who gained fame as actor John Garfield whose marvelous talent did not keep him from being crushed by the Red Hunting House Committee on Un-American Activities.

http://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-john-garfield-19590522-20160519-snap-story.html

1913: Jefferson Monroe Levy, the nephew of Uriah P. Levy began serving as the U.S. Congressman from New York’s 14^th District.

1913: Maude Kohn is scheduled to play a piano solo this afternoon during the meeting of the Ladies’ society of B’nai Sholom Temple.

1914: The General Orders issued on this date provided the official citation awarding Louis C. Hoseher the Congressional Medal of Honor. “The President of the United States of America, in the name of Congress, takes pleasure in presenting the Medal of Honor to Second Lieutenant Louis C. Mosher, United States Army, for most distinguished gallantry on 11 June 1913, while serving with the Philippine Scouts, in action at Gagsak Mountain, Jolo, Philippine Islands. Second Lieutenant Mosher voluntarily entered a cleared space within about 20 yards of the Moro trenches under a furious fire from them and carried a wounded soldier of his company to safety at the risk of his own life.”

1914: On his 21^st birthday Frank Tannenbaum, a leader of the I.W.W. “led a group of unemployed workers from Rutgers Square to the Catholic St. Alphonsus Church on West Broadway where they were met by a phalanx of police and the parish rector, who refused their demands after which he was arrested and eventual fined a sent to jail on Blackwell’s Island.

1914: “Arthur Ruppin wrote in his diary, ‘Today I succeeded in buying from Sir John Gray Hill his large and magnificently situated property on Mount Scopus, thus acquiring the first piece of ground for the Jewish University in Jerusalem.’”

1915: The United States naval collier Vulcan is scheduled to set sail from the League Island Navy Yard at Philadelphia today carrying supplies paid for by the Jewish Relief Society for “distribution to the starving residents” of Palestine.

1915: William Stiles Bennet who in 1916 would tell 3,000 people attending a meeting at the McKinley Casino that it was “now necessary for the American Jew to assist his brethren in Europe” and “said that large sums of money would be needed in order to accomplish the desired relief” began his services as a Member of the US. House of Representatives from New York’s 27^th District today.

1915: Dr. Robert Tuttle Morris, ex-President of the American Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists delivered a talk tonight at the Cornell Club on “Warfare as Natural History” in which he “advanced the theory that the Jewish people would be the next to dominate” the world because, among other thing, “they are gathering in the citing, thriving under urban life” and “increasing more rapidly than any others.”

1915: Jefferson Monroe Levy completed his second and final term as a U.S. Congressman.

1915: Meyer London, the Jewish Socialist, began serving his first term in the U.S House representing New York’s 12^th Congressional District.

1915: Among those whose contributions to the Fund of the American Jewish Relief Committee were received today included L.M. Jacobs of Tucson, AZ and the Dallas, TX, YMHA,

1915: “Assurance that the Jewish people of Palestine ‘enjoy perfect safety’ was given in an official communication” that arrived in Washington, DC today from Constantinople.

1916(29^th of Adar I, 5676): Parashat Pekudi and Shabbat Shekalim

1916: In King Williams Town, South Africa, Morris and Ethel Aronowitz gave birth to Cecil Aronowitz, the South African viola player who was appointed “head of the String Department at the royal Northern College of Music in Manchester” passed away today at Suffolk while “performing a piece by Motzart.”

https://www.bcu.ac.uk/conservatoire/events-calendar/cecil-aronowitz-viola-competition/about-cecil-aronowitz

https://www.allmusic.com/artist/cecil-aronowitz-mn0002172741

1916: At 8:00 p.m. in Chicago, the Sinai Swimming Team is scheduled to take part in a meet at the Hyde Park Y.M.C.A.

1916: It was reported today 30,000 shirtmakers are on strike with their union demanding “higher wages and more sanitary working conditions.”

1916: In Berlin, film start Helga Molander, a Lutheran, and nightclub entertainer Eduard Anton Eysenck, a Catholic, gave birth to psychologist Hans Jürgen Eysenck who was raised by his Lutheran maternal grandmother who died in a concentration camp where she had been interred because she came from a Jewish family.

1916: In Bologna, Dora Bassani and Dr. Enrico Bassani gave birth to Giorgio Bassani the author of The Garden of the Finzi-Continis whose early career was stifled by Italian race laws.

1917: Among the contributions listed today by The Central Committee for the Relief of Jews Suffering Through the War were $1,167 from the Jewish Morning News and $1,097 from the Jewish Daily News.

1917: James Edgar Martine who in 1916 introduced a resolution in the Senate “asking the President to set aside a day as Jewish relief day for Jewish war sufferers” which led to Jewish Relief Day completed his terms as a U.S. Senator from New Jersey.

1917(10^th of Adar, 5677): Moritz Kalisch passed away today in Manchester.

1917: Republican Milton Kraus began serving the first of three terms as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Indiana’s 11^th Congressional District.

1917: William H. King, who in 1927 “declared…that he favored the United States severing diplomatic relations with any country which failed because of anti-Semitism to protect its Jewish nationals” and “expressed the belief that eventually Palestine would be able to support a population of a million Jews” began serving as the U.S. Senator from Utah today.

1917: La Renacensia Guida, the Zionist paper that argued against the use of the Greek language in the 1920’s, was founded today in New York City.

1918: It was reported today that Mrs. Rose Pastor Stokes told a gathering at the Masonic Temple “that she had just returned to the Socialist Party and that while she was not anti-Zionist, she feared a Jewsih State in Palestine could not be made socialistic at once” and she feared that Great Britain was playing a game designed to dampen “the fervor of the Jewish working people all over the world.

1918: Houston College and Stanford University alum Herbert M. Ostroski, the San Francisco born son of Deborah Wise and Louis I Ostrki who was a Major in the United States Cavalry and an associate in the law firm of Turner and Geraghty marked Helen D. Pupkin today.

1919: After four years out of office, Henry Mayer Goldfogle began serving as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York’s 12^th Congressional District.

1919: In Washington “acting on behalf of a committee of thirty-one prominent men, Congressman Kahn of California presented a petition to President Wilson on behalf of the Zionist organization for consideration at the Peace Conference” and in turn, President Wilson said that he would “have the matter put before the conference after his arrival in Paris.”

1919: Five days after he had passed away, 59-year-old John Robert Raps was buried today at the “East Ham Jewish Cemetery.”

1920: Birthdate of Leo Greenland, the Bronx born adman whose accounts included Tanqueray Gin, Johnnie Walker (Red & Black) Scotch and Olvatine. Do you think he ever confused his liquids? (As reported by Margalit Fox)

1920: In Harlem, Robert and Mary Habib Yohai, Jewish immigrants from Turkey, gave birth to Morrie Robert Yohai, the man who invented Cheez Doodles one of America’s most popular junk snack foods. (As reported by Dennis Hevesi)

1921: “The Raft of the Dead,” photographed by Mutz Greenbaum premiered today,

1921: Having been out of office for two years, Meyer London again begins representing New York’s 12^th Congressional District.

1921(24th of Adar I, 5681); Eighty-two-year-old Leopold Loeb passed away today after which he was buried at Morgan City, LA.

1921: “The Raft of the Dead” a silent drama filmed by cinematographer Mutz Greenbaum was released in Germany today.

1922: Birthdate of British cardiologist David Mendel.

1922: Release date of German silent horror film “Nosferatu: A Symphony of Horror” co-starring Wolfgang Heinz, the stage name of David Hrisch.

1923(16^th of Adar, 5683): Shushan Purim, since the 15^th of Adar fell on Shabbat

1923(16^th of Adar, 5683): Edward Lauterbach, prominent New York attorney and leader of the Republican Party who devoted four decades of his life to the Hebrew Orphan Asylum passed away today.

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=F10916FB3D5416738DDDAC0894DB405B838EF1D3

1923: Birthdate of Kurt Schubert, the founder of Austria's first Jewish museum after World War II and the founder of the Jewish Institute at the University of Vienna.1923: Burton K. Wheeler, who in 1936 “said that anti-Semitism has not only gained a foothold in European countries like Germany, Poland, Rumania, Austria and Hungary, but has been imported in the Western Hemisphere by Mexico, Brazil and Ecuador” and that the “capacity for persecution” as embodied in anti-Semitism is not “foreign to American soil” began serving as a U.S. Senator from Montana.

1923: Emmanuel “Manny” Celler began serving as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York’s 10^th Congressional District.

1923: Sol Bloom began as serving as a member of the U.S. House Representatives from New York’s 20^th District.

1923: Royal Samuel Copeland begins serving as a U.S. Senator from New York. In June of 1933, when several Senators rose on the floor to condemn the treatment of the Jews of Germany, Copeland “paid tribute to the Jews as whole mentioning Nathan Straus as an example of Jews whose work set an example for the world.” He went on to say that the condemnation of Germany’s treatment of the Jews by Senator Pat Robinson of Arkansas, the Senate majority leader, “will bring hoe and cheer into the hearts of many persons…”

1924: In Manhattan, Isidor and Gussie Stein gave birth to their only son “Robert Stein who helped expand the scope of women’s magazines as editor in chief of McCall’s and Redbook in the early stages of the modern women’s movement, publishing articles about race and politics and introducing readers to the nascent writings of feminist leaders like Betty Friedan and Gloria Steinem.” (As reported by Paul Vitello)

-90.html?hpw&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&version=HpHedThumbWell&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

1924: Iris Margaret Origo, an Anglo-Irish writer who helped to save Jewish children through the kindertransport including the painter Frank Helmut Auerbach “married Antonio Origo, the illegitimate son of Marchese Clemente Origo.”

1925(8th of Adar, 5685): Polish born composer Moritz Moszkowski passed away at the age of 70 while living in Paris.

1925: Florence Kahn, the Salt Lake
City born daughter of Jewish Polish immigrants Mary and Conrad Prag and the widow of Congressman Julius Kahn began serving as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives rom California’s 4^th District.

1926: Plans are under way to raise five million dollars to build a new library at the Hebrew Union College to house the new collection of 6,174 items brought back from Europe by Dr. Adolph S. Oko.

1927(30th of Adar I, 5687): Rosh Chodesh Adar II

1927: William Cohen began his one and only terms as member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York’s 17^th District.

1927: Funeral services are scheduled to be held today for German born Meta Schroeder Braunfeld, the widow of Julius Braunfeld had passed in 1921 in New Orleans where he served as Cantor at Temple Sinia, the city’s leading Reform congregation, is scheduled to be buried today in San Diego, CA

1927: Birthdate of Richard “Dick” Savitt the Bayonne, NJ, who started out playing basketball for Cornell University and then switched to tennis – a sport at which he became so adept that he became the first Jewish player to “win both Wimbledon and the Australian Open.”

https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/Savitt.html

1927(30th of Adar I, 5687): Solomon Cicurel, 46, was fatally stabbed - eight times - shortly after midnight today. The only witness to the crime was Cicurel’s wife Elvire Toriel. She had little to say except that she had been chloroformed by her husband’s assailants. Four suspects were eventually tried. They had either murdered Cicurel during a robbery or as part of an act of revenge or both. The four were all tried, but due to the legal system under which existed, they were tried in the courts of their native countries. This reality caused as much anger among many Egyptians as did the murder of the Jewish merchant.  The murdered victim was the eldest of three brothers. Solomon, Salvator and Joseph were the sons of Moreno Cicurel, a Sephardic Jew who came to Egypt during the previous century from Smyrna (Izmir), then a thriving cosmopolitan trading port in Turkey. A self-made man, Moreno, started his career as an employee with a coreligionist who owned a textile shop in the Mousky district, Cairo’s main commercial hub. Moreno Cicurel was the founder of one of the largest department stores in the Middle East.

1928: Funeral services are scheduled to be held today for Max Pine, the Secretary of the United Trades, at The Jewish Daily Forward building at 175 East Broadway.

1928:  In Mannheim, Germany, cantor and composer Hugo Chaim Adler and Selma Adler gave birth to composer Samuel Adler who came to the United States in 1939 where he earned a B.M. from Boston University, and an M.A. from Harvard University. He has also received several honorary doctorates in recognition for his artistic accomplishments. During his tenure in the U.S. Army, he founded and conducted the Seventh Army Symphony Orchestra, and because of the orchestra's great psychological and musical impact on the European cultural scene, he was awarded the Army's Medal of Honor.

http://www.samuelhadler.com/

1929: In New York, screenwriter Jo Swerling and Florence (née Manson) Swerling gave birth to mathematician Peter Swerling.

http://news.usc.edu/6473/Peter-Swerling-Radar-Expert-Dies-at-71/

1930: The “headquarters of the Allied Jewish Campaign announced” today that Lt. Gov. Lehman will be one of the speakers at its annual national conference” to be held this weekend in Washington.

1930: At least one member of Parliament complained that “new South African quota bill limiting the number of immigrants to 50 each yeaer from each of the East and South European countries” which passed its third reading was aimed at limiting Jewish immigration.

1930: ‘Masks” a crime film direct by Rudolf Meinert was released in the Weimar Republic today.

1931(15^th of Adar, 5691): Shushan Purim

1931: William Henry Dieterich, the anti-Semitic and somewhat pro-German Republican began serving as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Illinois’s at-large district.

1931: “Two world records,” in the 500-yard back stroke and the half mile back stroke “were broken today by Joe Wohl, the captain of the Syracuse University swim team.

1932: “President Hoover signed he commission of Benjamin Cardozo as Justice of the Supreme Court” today.

1933: Illinois Democrat J. Hamilton “Ham” Lewis who as a congressman had supported a “proviso in the Balfour Declaration that Jews going to Palestine to live could retain their original citizenship instead of automatically becoming British subjects” and who as U.S. Senator led “a protest against the possible transfer of American Jews from their present homes in Palestine to other parts of the country” began serving as Senate Majority Leader today,

1933: Franklin Delano Roosevelt was inaugurated as 32nd President of the United States.  Regardless of what one may think of Roosevelt's record during the Holocaust, there is no denying the positive things he did for Jews during the days of the New Deal.  He had numerous Jewish advisors and appointed them to a variety of positions of power including Supreme Court Justice to Secretary of the Treasury.  A hitherto untapped cohort of well-educated first- or second-generation American Jews gained access to positions through the newly emerging federal agencies that were part of Roosevelt's program to reform American government, business and labor practices.

1933: Theodore Albert Peyeser began serving as a member of the United States House of Representatives from New York’s 17^th congressional district.

1933: Cordell Hull began serving as U.S. Secretary of State a post he would hold until 1944. Hull would win the Nobel Peace Prize but he earned low marks from the Jewish community for his moves to thwart attempts to aid Jewish refugees and his failure to curb the genteel anti-Semitism found in his department.

1933: Sixty-year-old Theodore Albert Peyser, a native of Charleston, West Virginia, began representing New York’s 17^th congressional district today.

1933: Seventy more people are imprisoned at Nohra on the second day of the operation of Germany's first Concentration Camp.  This brings the total number of prisoners to 170.

1934: As the Philadelphia SPHAS (South Philadelphia Hebrew Association) basketball team dressed into their uniforms prior to playing the Brooklyn Jews, “Coach Eddie Gottlieb introduced the team to its newest member, Moe Goldman, a Brooklyn native, who had just completed his senior year of basketball at the City College of New York (CCNY) where he had excelled as a center for the CCNY team, under the tutelage of coach Nat Holman, arguably the best Jewish basketball player in the 1920s.”

1935: The Jerusalem Shopkeepers Association plans to shutter its shops today in an attmpet to “force the Municipal Council to adopt a rent regulation ordinance” similar to the ones in force in Tel Aviv and Haifa.

1936: In Poland, “Warsaw University, scene of anti-Semitic riots, was closed today for an indefinite period.”

1936: Among those reported today to have been “denationalized” by the German government were ‘nine designated as Jews” including “Herbert Stahl who writes under the name of Steel who is denounced as ‘a Jewish editor who directed lying press attacks against American newspapers against Germany and in connection with the Jewish boycott movements surpassed all other machinations of that kind in meanness.’” (Editor’s Note:  What is worse than being a Jew in Germany?  Not being Jewish but being labeled as one.  Johannes Steel was an author who left Germany before WW II and was allegedly involved in wartime espionage for the Soveits.)

1936: Under the terms reported today, “Netherlands citizens of Jewish descent living in Germany” may be repatriated to Holland but every family can take no more than 20,000 marks (less than $10,000) with them regardless of how much wealth they may have accumulated or the size of the family.  (Editor’s note: Anti-Semitism almost always include theft making it a profitable business throughout the centuries)

1936: “Nearly 1,000 women representing various” philanthropic organizations attended a meeting today at the Hotel Astor where “Christians and Jewish leaders joined with officials of the women’s division of the United Palestine Appeal in the campaign for $1,500,000 to be raised for the benefit of Jewish settlements in Palestine.

1936: Rabbi Abba Hillel Silver of Cleveland, a national co-chairman of the United Palestine Appeal which is seeking to raise $3,500,000 to help settle German Jews in Palestine and Mrs. Carrie Chapman Catt are the featured speakers at a tea in the Hotel Astor which is the opening event of the campaign in New York City. (Editor’s note: Abba Hillel Silver was a Reform Rabbi and ardent Zionist who was instrumental in seeing to it that support for a Jewish state in Palestine was supported by both American political parties.  One can only wonder how he would have reacted to the state of Israel’s treatment of Reform Judaism including denying that Jews who were converted by Reform rabbis are not really Jewish.)

1937: The 9th Annual Academy Awards, hosted by Jewish actor and Hollywood fixture, George Jessel, are held at the Biltmore Hotel in Los Angeles.

1937: In Warsaw, the Polish Government and the Jewish Emigration Agency signed an agreement designed “to facilitate the emigration of wealthy Polish Jews to Palestine.

1937(21^st of Adar, 5697): Four-year-old Miriam Ruhama Pacifici the daughter of Rabbi Riccardo Reuven Pacifici passed away at Genoa.

1938(1^st of Adar II, 5698): Rosh Chodesh Adar II

1938: Two days after he had passed away, funderal services are scheduled to be held at Union Temple in Brooklyn for 57-year-old to NYU Law School graduate Joseph J. Baker, “a senior member of the law firm of Baker, Obermeir Rosenson and Rosner,” “President of the Jewish Hospital of Brooklyn, the son of Adolph and Carrie Baker and the husband of the former “May Lautman” with whom he had two children – Ruth and Edward.”

1938: The Palestine Post reported that Sir Harold MacMichael had arrived in Palestine and described the ceremony in which he was sworn as the fifth High Commissioner.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that The Lydda-Jerusalem train was sabotaged when the railway line was damaged by an explosion. Another bomb was found on the railway tracks near Khan Yunis. Curfew was imposed on Arab villages situated close to the railway tracks.

1938: Birthdate of Allan Nathaniel Kornblum, the Brooklyn native who would help steer the F.B.I. into the post-J. Edgar Hoover era by drafting guidelines for its surveillance operations in the 1970s, and whose testimony would help convict the murderer of a black man in a celebrated civil rights case revived nearly 40 years after the event.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that there were 5,734,917 Palestine pounds in circulation and 15,641 registered vehicles in the country in 1937. There were also 95 credit cooperatives with 79,750 members.

1939: Birthdate of Brooklyn native and Albert Einstein College of Medicine trained Doctor Gerald Walker Wholberg, the psychiatrist who served on the faculty of Boston University

1939: Twenty-three-year-old Bernard “Bernie” Opperman, the Bronx native whose Kentucky Wildcats were upset by the Tulane Green Wave in the 1938 SEC Tournament redeemed himself today by leading his team to victory over the Tennessee Vols in the 1939 SEC Championship finals.

1940: “An appeal to the people of Great Britain ‘to stay the hand’ of their government from putting into effect the proposal to restrict the sale of land to Jews in Palestine was made” tonight by thousands of people “at a protest meeting in Carnegie Hall called by a group of Jewish organizations.

1940: Nineteen-year-old twin brothers Robert and David Goldwasser from Paris, NJ led Jewish students in a protest in front of the U.S. Consulate in Jerusalem after which they received “assurances from the consul general that Washington would be informed about the effect of the new land on the rights of Americans in Palestine.

1941(5^th of Adar, 5701): Eighty-nine-year-old Hattie Collenberger Bloomingdale, the New York born daughter of Aaron and Rieka Ikelheimer Collengenberger and the wife of Lyman Gustave Bloomingdale, the co-founder of the department store that bears his name whom she married in 1871 and with whom she had five children – Samuel, Hiram,, Hanna, Irving and Corinne – passed away today after which she was buried at Salem Fields Cemetery in Brooklyn

1941: A group of tailors who worked in shop supplying uniforms to the German Army were photographed in Nazi occupied Bendzin, Poland.

http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/this_month/march/06.asp

1941: "I. Segaloff" wrote “My best regards to my friend Tatsuo Osako," on the back of a photo. Segaloff was probably a Jewish refugee who had been helped by Osako who was a young employee of the Japan Tourist Bureau at the start of World War II. Osako probably worked with “Chiune Sugihara, a Japanese diplomat stationed in Lithuania who granted transit visas to several thousand Jews in the early days of the war. In doing so, he defied strict stipulations from Tokyo that such recipients have proper funds and a clear final destination after Japan. He was one of a handful of diplomats such as Sweden's Raoul Wallenberg and Hiram Bingham IV of the U.S. who used their bureaucratic machinery, often without their government's knowledge, to issue the paperwork that would get Jews to safety. Dubbed the "Japanese Schindler," Sugihara was honored in 1985 by Yad Vashem as one of the Righteous Among the Nations, a high honor reserved for non-Jews who saved Jews at their own personal risk from the Holocaust, Hitler's destruction of 6 million Jews. A short movie about him, "Visas and Virtue," won an Academy Award in 1997. Museums at his hometown and in Lithuania are dedicated to his memory.”

1942: Algiers radio announced that all firms, property and legal titles owned in part or full by Jews have been put under "Aryan" administration. This came after the dismissal of 3,000 Jews from the French civil service just a couple months prior.

1942: Birthdate of Peabody award winner and “feminist” Lynn Sherr.

http://abcnews.go.com/2020/story?id=126383

1942(15^th of Adar, 5702) Shushan Purim

1942(15^th of Adar, 5702): Seventy-nine-year-old Tobias Schanfarber, the Cleveland born son of Aaron and Sarah (Newman) Schanfarber, the husband of Carrie Phillipson and graduate of the University of Cincinnati and Hebrew Union College who led congregations in Toleo, Ft. Wayne and Baltimore before settling in as the rabbi at KAM in Chicago passed away today.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1942/03/05/85022784.pdf

1942(15^th of Adar, 5702): Shushan Purim
1942: Eichmann met with all his territorial representatives to discuss the organizational problems of the deportations to come. Actual plans commenced months earlier.

1942: Frank L. Weil, announced today “the appointment of Ralph E. Samuel, the New York stock broker as chairman of the Greater New York Army and Navy Committee of the National Jewish Welfare Board.

1943: Most of the Jews living in Cuomotini, Greece were arrested and transported in 20 open train cars to the notorious Dupnitsa transit camp, and then dispatched from Lom by boat via the Danube. The Jews from Cuomotini and Kavala on the Karageorge were shot by the Bulgarians and the Germans; while three other boats, of which one held Cuomotini Jews, arrived in Vienna and from there the Thracian Jews were sent to Treblinka; where they were gassed upon arrival. The Bulgarians confiscated all of the Jewish properties and possessions.

http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/this_month/march/08.asp

1943: The Jews of Drama, a town in Macedonia, were arrested by the Bulgarian police and army, held in tobacco warehouses in the Agia Barbara quarter for three days, and then sent to the Gorna Djumaya camp in Bulgaria, where they were kept in extremely harsh conditions. From there, young men in their teens and early twenties were sent to forced labor in Bulgaria and 113 families (589 people) were dispatched by train to Lom and from there put on a boat to Vienna, where they were reloaded on trains to Treblinka and gassed upon their arrival.

1943: Jews continued to be sent from Paris to Chelmno, Sobibor, and Majdanek.

1943: At the 15^th Annual Oscar award ceremony, “Mrs. Miniver” directed by William Wyler wins for Best Picture of 1942.  Wyler, a refugee from Hitler’s Europe wins for Best Director.

1944(9th of Adar, 5704): In Warsaw, four Jewish women were shot in the ghetto along with 80 non-Jews. All their bodies, dead and wounded alike, were thrown into a building that was then lit on fire.

1944(9th of Adar, 5704):  In Ossining, New York, Louis Buchalter, the leader of 1930s crime syndicate Murder, Inc. was executed at Sing Sing.

1944(9th of Adar, 5704):  In Ossining, New York, Emanuel “Mendy” Weiss a member of the crime syndicate Murder, Inc. was executed at Sing Sing.

1945: “In a move to eliminate duplication of activities among organizations supplying relief for refugees” the delegations attending the 60^th annual convention of HIAS, led by President Abraham Herman, called today for the “creation of a council of Jewish voluntary agencies as the pivotal point of a plan for coordinating their work.

1945: Oscar Straus, soon will be 75 years old, “celebrated his golden jubilee as a composer-conductor by directing a ‘Straus Festival’ tonight before a large and enthusiastic audience.”

1945: Eric Jabotinsky, the son of the late Vladimir Jabotinsky, is scheduled to begin living in Haifa today as part of the terms under which he was released from the custody of British authorities in Jerusalem.

1946(1^st of Adar II, 5706): Rosh Chodesh Adar II

1946: In New York City doctors Ruth (Silboiwtz) Achs and Samuel Achs gave birth Naomi Achs, who gained fame as screenwriter and director Naomi Foner Gyllenhaal.

1946: Birthdate of English impresario Harvey Goldsmith

1946: Felix Frankfurter was one of the Associate Justices who heard Girouard v. United States, a landmark citizenship case, when it was argued today before the Supreme Court.

1947: Birthdate of Douglas Peter “Doug” Beal, the Cleveland Ohio native who played volleyball at Ohio State and then continued his involvement with the sport as a college and serving as USA Volleyball CEO.

http://www.jewishsports.net/BioPages/DougBeal.htm

1947: As much of Palestine’s Jewish community endured the third day of martial law, Joseph Saphir, the mayor of Petach Tikva reported that 4,000 men were out of work due to the clampdown and the number was growing.  In Tel Aviv, the banks were closed due to a lack of coin and currency while the population worried about getting the necessities of life including fresh milk.

1948(23^rd of Adar I, 5708): This morning “Arabs ambushed and killed seventeen Jewish members of the Haganah…seven miles northwest of Jerusalem.”

1948: U.S. premiere of “The Naked City,” a gritty, black and white film directed by Jules Dassin, produced by Mark Hellinger with a screenplay by Albert Maltz and Malvin Wald.

1949: Two days after he had passed away, funeral services are scheduled to be held for Emanuel Philip Adler, the Times Publisher who was buried in the Mount Nebo Hebrew Cemetery in Davenport, IA.

1949: The Security Council of the United Nations recommended Israel for membership in the international body.

1950: “The Baron of Arizona” a western movie directed and written by Samuel Fuller and featuring Vladimir Sokoloff was released in the United States today.

1950(15^th of Adar, 5710): Parashat Tetzaveh; Shushan Purim

1950: “Israel and Jordan Working for Peace,” an article about the proposed Israel-Jordan non-aggression pact entitled Gene Currivan declares that “Israel decided long ago that while external advice is always welcome, she must rely principally – as the Jews have over the centuries – on her own resourcefulness where the future is concerned.”

1950: The Revocation of Citizenship Bill, which made it possible for Iraq's Jews to flee the country, went into effect.   "By the end of May of 1950, at least ten thousand Iraqi Jews" many of whom were impoverished before leaving, "had crossed the border into Iran” as they made their way to Israel.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that the new, official US Middle Eastern policy was to “equalize the support for Israel and other countries in the area.” According to the explanation given to the Post by US Embassy officials in Tel Aviv, this new policy did not mean that the support hitherto given to Israel was to be lessened, but that the assistance offered to the Arab states was to be increased. [This new policy was a product of the newly elected Republican Administration of Dwight Eisenhower and his Secretary of State John Foster Dulles.  Eisenhower and Dulles would show their true feelings about Israel when they took the side of the Egyptians over the Israelis during the Suez Crisis of 1956.]

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that following the recent Israeli offer, the Barclay and Ottoman banks in Cyprus started accepting claims from Arab Palestine refugees for the release of their frozen accounts held in Israeli banks.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that a new draft for the Punishment of Crimes against the State was tabled in the Knesset. It provided for a death sentence for the high treason in time of war.

1954(29^th of Adar I, 5714): Eighty-year-old Birdie Loeb Gimbel, the daughter of Henrietta Frank and Marx Loeb and the wife of department store executive Benedict Gimbel passed away after which she was buried at Mt. Sinai Cemetery in Philadelphia.

1954: As attempts were being made to remove his security clearance, J. Robert Openheimer, the “father of the Atomic Bomb,” sent a letter to Major General Kenneth D. Nicholas describing his relationship with Jean Tatlock.

1955: Following the rape and murder of his sister Shoshana and the murder of her boyfriend Oded Wegmeister by Bedouin Tribesmen, Meir Har-Zion  “and three ex-members of the 890 Battalion drove to the Armistice Line with Jordan where they captured six Bedouins.

1956(21^st of Adar, 5716): Sixty-nine-year-old NYU alum, attorney and unsuccessful Republican candidate for Congress Max Perlman passed away today leaving behind his wife, Mrs. Gertrude Hyams Pearlman and his son Franklin Perlman.

1957:  Israel, in compliance with the United Nations resolution, withdrew from the Gaza Strip and other territories.  These territories had been seized in the Sinai Campaign of 1956, sometimes referred to as “the One Hundred Hour War” because of its short duration.  The fighting in 1956 was an Israeli response to years of attacks by terrorists as well as the arming of the Egyptians by the Soviets with an arsenal of modern weapons.  The history of the war is too complicated to summarize here.  Suffice it to say that the Israelis withdrew with guarantees from the United Nations and the United States that the Sinai Peninsula would be a demilitarized zone and that Israel would enjoy unfettered access from Eilat, its southern port through the Straits of Tiran.  In 1967, Egypt would completely break the agreements of 1957 and the U.N. would fail to honor its commitments which brought about the Six Days War.

1957: The Importance of Overweight by childhood obesity researcher Hilda Bruch was published today.

https://jwa.org/thisweek/mar/04/1957/hilde-bruch

1957: “Ill Met by Moonlight” on which Emeric Pressburger served as co-writer, co-director and co-producer was released today in the United Kingdom.

1959(24^th of Adar I, 5719): Ninety-nine-year-old Adolphe Danziger de Castro the native of Poland and scholar, journalist, lawyer, author of poems, novels and short stories who was the first president of the La Comunidad Sefardi of Los Angeles passed away today.

http://www.gutenberg.org/files/38602/38602-h/38602-h.htm

1960(5^th of Adar, 5720): Bronx born Leonard Warenoff, the son of Russian Jewish immigrants who gained fame as Leonard Warren, a leading baritone with the Met died suddenly while singing with his Richard Tucker another of the Jewish immigrants who was a giant in the world of opera.

https://operawire.com/artist-profile-baritone-leonard-warren-legendary-verdi-interpreter/

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1960/03/05/105182334.pdf

https://www.classicfm.com/discover-music/leonard-warren-death-forza-del-destino/

1962: “The Boston Celtics beat the St. Louis Haws 123-120 giving Red Auerbach his 700^th coaching victory in the NBA.” (As reported by Bob Wechsler)

1964: Birthdate of New York native and former New York City Council Member Eva Sarah Moskowitz whose mother “fled Europe during the Holocaust” avoiding the fate of other family members who died in the concentration camps.

1964(20^th of Adar, 5724): Eighty-one-year-old Hattie Weltman Simon, the Hempstead, TX born daughter of Louisa and Louis Weltman and the husband of Uriah Myer Simon passed away today in Fort Worth, TX after which she wasburied at the Hebrew Rest Cemetery.

1965: Jay Rabinowitz began services as an Associate Justice of the Alaska Supreme Court.

1966: “The Group” directed by Sidney Lumet, produced and written by Sidney Buchman and filmed by cinematographer Boris Kaufman was released in the United States today.

1967: Birthdate of Manchester native Ivan Lewis, the Chief Executive of Jewish Social Services of Greater Manchester who was elected as the Labour MP for Bury South in 1997.

1969(14^TH of Adar, 5729): The first Purim during the Nixon Presidency

1969(14^th of Adar, 5729): Seventy-one-year-old “Romanian-born British political scientist and Fabian socialist who was professor at the University of Chicago passed away today.

1969(14^th of Adar, 5729): Pioneering movie mogul, Nicholas M. Schenck passed away.

http://voices.yahoo.com/nicholas-schenck-motion-picture-production-pioneer-2133037.html

1970: “Loving” a comedy directed by Irvin Kershner, produced and written by Don Devlin and starring George Segal and with music by Bernardo Segall was released in the United States today.

1970: The funeral for seventy-one-year-old Russian born Joseph L. Dubow who in 1902 came to the United States where “he was admitted to the bar…after graduating from the University of Chattanooga Law School” and eventually became the “executive director of the New York Coat and Suit Association” while raising two sons – Peter and Robert – with his wife Estelle is scheduled to take place today at The Riverside.

https://www.nytimes.com/1970/03/04/archives/joseph-l-dubow-garment-leader-coat-suit-associations-executive.html

1971(7^th of Adar, 5731): Sixty-seven-year-old Wharton graduate James Felt, the son of real estate developer Abraham Felt, who followed in the footsteps of his father and grandfather when he went into to the real estate business instead of becoming a Rabbi and went on to become the Chairman of the City Planning Commission passed away today.

1971: The second of two-part television production Clifford Odets’ Paradise Lost co-starring Eli Wallach was broadcast on American Public Television.

1972(18^th of 5732): Parashat Ki Tisa’ Shabbat Parah

1972(18^th of 5732): Eighty-one-year-old NYU trained obstetrician and gynecologist Dr. Isador W. Kahn the husband of Harriet Kahn, passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/1972/03/06/archives/dr-isador-w-kahn-an-obstetrician-81.html?searchResultPosition=1

1973(30^th of Adar I, 5733): Rosh Chodesh Adar II

1973(30^th of Adar I, 5733): Eighty-six-year-old Lithuanian born, LSE trained, American labor leader Ossip Walinsky, the founder of the Women’s Trade Union and the “International Leather Goods, Plastics and Novelty Workers Union who was the husband of Rose (Newman) Walinksy passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/1973/03/06/archives/ossip-j-walinsky-union-head-and-jewish-leader-dies-at-86.html

1973: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors including The Anxiety of Influence: A Theory of Poetry by Harold Bloom.

1973: Marcel Marceau appears at Hancher Auditorium in Iowa City, IA.

1974(10th of Adar, 5734): Adolph Gottlieb, prominent Abstract Expressionist painter passed away at the age of 71.

http://gottliebfoundation.org/grants/individual-grants/

http://www.artnet.com/artists/adolph-gottlieb/

1974: After having been beaten by police outside the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow, Alexander Tsatskis and Saul Raslin were taken to Kiev where they were “arrested and interrogated.”

1974: "Five months after Israel's defeat of the Syrian forces on the Golan Heights, four young Syrian Jewish women were found raped, robbed and murdered in a cave on the Syrian side of the Syrian-Lebanese borders...The bodies were returned to their parents in sacks."

1975: Charlie Chaplin was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II of England.

1975: Tonight, “at 11:00 p.m. eight Palestinians in two teams landed by boat on the Tel Aviv beach at the foot of Allenby Street.”

1977(14^th of Adar, 5737) Purim

1978(25^th of Adar I, 5738): Parashat Vayakhel; Shabbat Shekalim

1978(25^th of Adar I, 5738): Sixty-seven-year-old Samuel Phillip Mandell, Philadelphia born son of Morris and Rebecca Mandelm the President of Samuel P. Mandell and Company, the founder of the Samuel P. Mandel Foundation and the husband of Ida Slustsky with whom he had five children, including two sets of twins passed away today.

1980(16^th of Adar, 5740): Sixty-three-year-old Charles Pannet, the Brooklyn native and Executive Director of Hillcrest Jewish Community Center who was an officer of the National Association of Synagogue Administrators passed away today in New York City.

1981: It was reported today that New York City Mayor Koch is scheduled to meet with “Rabbi Rokeach, who is revered as the only surviving heir of the founder of the sect nearly 200 years ago in the then-Russian town of Belz’ who has just arrived in New York sparking off a controversy with Satmars.

1982: The “U.S. Senate adopted a resolution calling for the Soviet Union to stop the persecution, arrests, and trials of Jewish activists; to remove obstacles to emigration; and to respect the religious rights of its citizens.”

1983(19^th of Adar, 5743): Eighty-six-year-old Boston born American Modernist artist and illustrator for several magazines including The Saturday Evening Post and Harpers Henry Botkin passed away today.

https://www.google.com/search?q=Henry+albert+botkin&source=hp&ei=qPwAZLGpNa-s0PEPt66AmA0&iflsig=AK50M_UAAAAAZAEKuABAw9BK2rcLqtMbKWt2wXVkzVCK&ved=0ahUKEwixnZ_6gL79AhUvFjQIHTcXANMQ4dUDCAo&uact=5&oq=Henry+albert+botkin&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyBQghEKABMgUIIRCgAToRCC4QgAQQsQMQgwEQxwEQ0QM6CwguEIAEEMcBENEDOgsIABCABBCxAxCDAToOCC4QgAQQsQMQxwEQ0QM6CAguELEDEIMBOggIABCABBCxAzoLCC4QsQMQxwEQ0QM6BQgAEIAEOggIABCxAxCDAToICC4QgAQQsQM6CwguEIAEEMcBEK8BOgUILhCABDoLCC4QgAQQsQMQgwE6EQguEIAEELEDEMcBENEDENQCOg4ILhCABBCxAxCDARDUAjoLCC4QgwEQsQMQgAQ6CAguEIAEENQCOgYIABAWEB46CQgAEBYQHhDxBFAAWMQpYI4uaABwAHgAgAGFAYgBjQ6SAQQxMy42mAEAoAEB&sclient=gws-wiz

1984: The life of journalist and author Sidney Zion “was transformed” tonight “when his 18-year-old daughter, Libby, a Bennington College freshman with a history of depression and cocaine use, was admitted to New York Hospital with fever, chills and agitation. Her condition was not diagnosed, but two interns gave her a painkiller and sedative, a plan approved by phone by a senior clinician who had treated members of the family, and Ms. Zion was tied down to prevent injury. She died eight hours after admission.”  This tragedy resulted in Zion leading a crusade that resulted in national reforms in the training, workload and supervision of young doctors.

1986: Today, “The New York Times reported on Kurt Waldheim’s wartime service in the Balkans and his prewar Nazi associations.”

1987: Jonathan Pollard was sentenced today by a Washington, D.C. court to life imprisonment for spying for Israel.

1988: Sir John Templeton, sponsor of the $369,000 Templeton Prize for Progress in Religion, has expressed surprise at charges that this year's prize winner was associated with anti-Semitic and anti-Israel causes. ''We'd heard absolutely nothing of that nature, and I don't think any of the judges had either,'' Sir John said by telephone today from the Bahamas. ''We are completely surprised and will be trying to study the facts.'' The Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith and the American Jewish Committee protested the designation of Dr. Inamullah Khan, secretary general of the Pakistan-based World Moslem Congress, as the winner because Dr. Khan and the congress have linked to anti-Semitic groups, including those that deny the Holocaust occurred, and that Dr. Khan had rejected Israel's right to exist. Dr. Khan is the first Moslem to be chosen for the Templeton Prize.

1988: In Ramat HaSharon, Alon and Arela Mekel gave birth to professional Gal Mekel. Who played for Wichita State University before turning professional.

1990: Funeral services are scheduled to be held to at Riverside Memorial Chapel for Brooklyn Law School trained attorney and decorated WW II Army veteran New York State Senator Abraham Bernstein, the past president of the National Association of Jewish Legislators and husband of the former Gretchen Diamond.

1990(4^th of Adar, 5750): Seventy-two-year-old CCNY and Brooklyn Law School graduate Abraham Bernstein, the husband of Gretchen Diamond, the decorated WW II Army veteran and member of both houses of the New York State Legislature suffered a fata heart attack after which he was interred in the New Mount Lebanon Cemetery.

https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1957&dat=19900303&id=V3UhAAAAIBAJ&sjid=AokFAAAAIBAJ&pg=1553,1076008

1992(29th of Adar I, 5752): Eighty-four-year-old Hollywood animator and Walt Disney collaborator Arthur Babbitt passed away today.

http://articles.latimes.com/1992-03-07/news/mn-3376_1_arthur-babbitt

1993(11th of Adar, 5753): Ta'anit Esther observed since the 13^th of Adar falls on Shabbat

1993(11th of Adar, 5753): Izaak Maurits (Piet) Kolthoff “a highly influential chemist, widely considered the Father of Analytical Chemistry” passed away. https://www2.chemistry.msu.edu/portraits/PortraitsHH_Detail.asp?HH_LName=Kolthoff

1994: The INS Hanit a corvette built by Northrop Gruman was launched today.

1994: “Greedy” produced by Brian Grazer, a screenplay co-authored by Lowell Ganz, with music by Randy Edelman and starring Kirk Douglas was released in the United States today.

1995: President Clinton appoint Martin S. Indyk as U.S. Ambassador to Israel.

1995(2^nd of Adar II, 5755): Parashat Pekudi

1995(2^nd of Adar II, 5755): Eighty-six-year-old Minnie Sweedler Eisman, the mother of Samuel and Fanny Belle Sweedler and the wife of Philip Carl Eisman whom she married in 1934 passed away today after which she was buried at Beth Israel Memorial Park in Cedar Knolls, NJ.

1996(13th of Adar, 5756): A suicide bomber killed at least 10 people and and wounded at least 35 others. The Arab bomber, with explosives strapped to his body, blew himself up in the street near the indoor mall known as Dizengoff Center. 

1996(13th of Adar, 5756): This morning, owner Abe Lebewohl the 2nd Avenue Deli was in his delivery truck, going to make his habitual deposit at a nearby bank when he was shot and killed, a victim of a robbery that remains unsolved to this day. His baby brother, Jack Lebewohl, who, unlike Abe, realized their parents’ American dream by becoming a “professional,” a real estate lawyer, gave up his practice and took over the deli. He made a go of it for almost 10 years, despite the fact that delis in New York have been disappearing for almost 40 years.

1998: “The Fourteenth Knesset re-elected Ezer Weizman for a second term. For the first time, an acting president was faced by an opponent, (MK Shaul Amor of the Likud), in the re-election. 119 members participated in the election: 63 votes were in favor of Weizman, 49 were in favor of Amor, and 7 were empty ballots.

2000(27^th of Adar I, 5760): Parashat Vayakhel; Shabbat Shekalim

2000: “New Paths in Africa, Europe and Middle East” published today reported that in Africa and the Middle East, most of the attention regarding technology “has focused on Israel” and that “there is a wide range of Israeli technology stocks are listed in London and on Nasdaq.”

2000: Crown Prince Abdullah bin Abdel Aziz ended his visit to Lebanon today “which was aimed at a common Arab front” following “the breakdown in peace talks between Israel and Syria” and between Israel and the Palestinians.

2001: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Islam's Black Slaves: The Other Black Diaspora by Ronald Segal

2001(9^th of Adar, 5761): Naftali Dean, 85, of Tel Mond; Yevgenya Malchin, 70, of Netanya and Shlomit Ziv, 58, of Netanya were murdered today by a Palestinian suicide bomber “in the center of the business district of Netanya.

2001: Graveside services were held at Temple Emeth Memorial Park, Baker St., West Roxbury, MA for Deborah (Pessin) Margolis, the widow of Dr. Benjamin D. Margolis.

2002: As of today, “latest round of unrelenting violence -- more than 20 Israeli deaths in the last 24 hours -- has left the Bush administration stymied and efforts at meaningful diplomacy stalled.”

2002: “Syria seemed to register unease with the Saudi peace plan, which offers Israel normal relations with the Arab world in return for its withdrawal from land occupied in the 1967 war” but which “makes no explicit mention of resettling the millions of Palestinian refugees spread about the region nor does it mention any Israeli return of the Golan Heights area to Syria, two points Damascus has always insisted on.”

2003(30^th of Adar I, 5763): Rosh Chodesh Adar II

2003: As the Israelis continue their war against terrorists who hide among the civilian population, the IAF killed three Palestinians in “separate shooting incidents and clashes.”

2004(11^th of Adar, 5764): Ta’anit Esther

2004: “How Bush’s Advisers Confront the World” published today provides a review of The Rise of the Vulcans by James Mann who lists Paul Wolfowitz as one of the six people to whom the President looks to for guidance on foreign policy.

2005: A German court ruled that the heirs of a once prominent Jewish-owned department store chain were entitled to compensation for what has in recent years become one of Berlin's most valuable pieces of real estate. Deciding one of the biggest and most bitterly disputed claims for restitution of property seized by the Nazis, the German Administrative Court awarded $17 million to Barbara Principe and her nephew, Martin Wortham. They are the main surviving heirs of the family of German Jews that, until the war, owned and operated the Wertheim department store chain, which even today is to Berlin what Macy's or Bloomingdale's is to New York.  The Wertheim Company, founded in the 19th century, owned seven large stores in Berlin before the war, all of them appropriated by the Nazis in 1937 as part of the process by which Jews were squeezed out of German economic life and their holdings turned over to "Aryans." The Wertheim brothers arrived in the United States penniless in the 1940's. Gunther Wertheim, Mrs. Principe's father, ran a chicken farm in southern New Jersey.

2005:  The New York Times reviewed The Great Morality by John Kelly.  This book provided “an intimate history of the Black Death.  Included in this acclaimed volume are references to the treatment of the Jews including reports of “survivors pointing accusatory fingers at Jews and Muslims and outsiders” and the “pogroms instituted against the Jews, who were scapegoated for spreading the plague; the abdication of responsibility on the part of many officials and community leaders; and the exploitation of the needy and grief-stricken by con men and opportunists.”

2005: An exhibition styled “The Power of Conversation of Jewish Women and Their Salons” opens at the Jewish Museum.

2006: Dalia Itizk a native of Jerusalem born into a family of Iraqi Jews, began serving Speaker of the Knesset, making her the first women to hold this post.

2006:  In Cedar Rapids, celebration of the birthday of Ivy Hurwitz.  In the short time that Ivy has been in Cedar Rapids, she has demonstrated her culinary wizardry and made herself an integral part of the Jewish community

2007: The Sunday New York Times book section featured a review of The Art of Aging:A Doctor’s Prescription for Well-Being by Jewish author Sherwin B. Nuland and a review of  Becoming Judy Chicago: A Biography of the Artist by Gail Levin. “Judy Chicago, born Judith Sylvia Cohen in Chicago in 1939, is descended from a long line of rabbis, going back to the Vilna Gaon in eighteenth century Lithuania.” 

2007(14^th of Adar, 5767): Purim.

2008: As part of “Hadassah on Tour,” Dr. Michael Wilschanski, the Director of the Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit of the Division of Pediatrics at Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University in Jerusalem, speaks in Duluth, MN

2008: In New York, the 92^nd Street Y presents “Breaking News from Israel: Reports from the Front Lines” featuring NBC journalist Martin Fletcher and moderated by New York Times editor and author Joseph Berger.

2008: James L. Kugel and Rabbi Harold Kushner are among the 20 writers honored tonight at the 57th annual Jewish Book Awards, to be held at the Center for Jewish History in Manhattan. In January, the Jewish Book Council, which administers the awards, named Mr. Kugel's How to Read the Bible: A Guide to Scripture, Then and Now the Jewish Book of the Year for 2007, and chose Rabbi Kushner, the author of the 1981 best seller When Bad Things Happen to Good People, the recipient of its Lifetime Achievement Award. The Jewish Book Council, founded in 1943, is the only organization in America devoted exclusively to promoting books reflecting the Jewish experience. The annual awards honor achievement in biography and memoir, children's and young adult literature, fiction, poetry, and history.

2008: According to Palestinian sources, the Arabs suffered 110 casualties during Operation Hot Winter.  The Israelis launched Operation Hot Winter following a series of rocket attacks launched from Gaza that targeted Israeli towns, including Sderot. 

2008(27^th of Adar I, 5768): Eighty-three-year-old Oscar winning composer Leonard Rosenman passed away today.

http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E01E2D91638F935A35750C0A96E9C8B63&scp=1&sq=Fox%2C+Margalit+Rosenman&st=nyt

2009: In Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Hadassah Book Club met at the home of community leader Amy Barnum to discuss a novel by Anita Dimant entitled Good Harbor

2009: In New York, the Jewish Community Relations Council and the Chinese Community Relations Council sponsor a presentation by Avrum Ehrlich, Professor at the University of Shandong, China, entitled China-Israel Relations: Geopolitical and Social Dimensions.

2009:  Secretary of State Hillary Clinton visits Ramallah before flying out of Israel as she completes her first official peace mission to the Middle East.

2009: Mohammad Ali Jafari, the commander in chief of the Iran’s Revolutionary Guard announced that Iran now has missiles that can reach Israeli nuclear sites.  Iran’s Shahab-3 missiles have a range of up to 1,250 miles, putting Israel within striking distance.

2009: According to the Proivdence Journal, the last two paid staff member of the Touro Synagogue in Newport, R.I., were let go and public tours were canceled because of financial difficulties.

2009(8th of Adar, 5769: Joseph Bloch, who was a professor of piano literature at the Juilliard School in New York passed away today at the age of 91. at his home in Larchmont, N.Y. For the better part of the past five decades, every Juilliard pianist passed through Mr. Bloch’s classroom.

2010: YIVO is scheduled to present a program entitled Goebbels in Arabia during which Jeffrey Herf, eminent historian and a professor at the University of Maryland, discusses his new book, Nazi Propaganda for the Arab World (Yale University Press), a detailed account of how Hitler's Germany planted the seeds of its own brand of virulent anti-Semitism in the Middle East

2010: The Twentieth Annual KOACH Kallah is scheduled to begin today at the Pearlston Conference and Retreat Center in Reisterstown, MD.  KOACH is the is the college program Conservative Movement.

2010: In Washington, D.C., Norman Shore is scheduled to lead a “learn over lunch” that examines the reign of Solomon as described in Book of I Kings.

2010: Rabbi Joshua Maroof, the spiritual leader of the Magen David Sephardic Congregation in Rockville, Maryland is scheduled to conduct another class designed to discover the fascinating world of Sephardic Jewish thought in which attendees delve into the legacy of great philosophers such as Maimonides and Joseph Caro (author of the Shulchan Aruch) and discuss monotheism, free will and other ever-contemporary themes.

2010: The High Court today refused to throw out a lawsuit by Peace Now against construction in Kiryat Netafim, even though the government says it has evidence that shows that construction was approved before the lawsuit was undertaken, contradicting the contention of the suit that the building was illegal..

2010: Michigan Congressman Sandy Levin took over as chairman of the committee today when Charles B. Rangel of New York stepped aside in due to a number of ethics violations. (Levin is Jewish; Rangel is not.)

2011: Agudas Achim in Iowa City is scheduled to celebrate Shabbat Across America.

2011: In Rockville, MD, Tikvat Israel is scheduled to explore the world the Jews of Ethiopia in a program styled: “From Tesfa to Tikva: A Lens on Ethiopian Israelis.”

2011: Congregation Adat Reyim is scheduled to celebrate a Shabbat Service Honoring Military Families.

2011: Several hundred people gathered in central Tel Aviv today to protest government plans to deport hundreds of children of foreign workers and illegal residents of Israel. Speaking at the rally in Tel Aviv’s Gan Meir Park, famous Israeli actress Gila Almagor said “these 400 children are considered illegal, but they are Israeli children just like our children. They were born here, grew up here, and they don’t have any other country,” adding that they must be

2011: Twenty-year-old Jessica Feibler, a U.C. student has brought a federal civil rights lawsuit against the University of California, Berkeley, saying the university did not protect her from being attacked because she is Jewish. The case, filed in U.S. District Court in Oakland, Calif., today against the university, the regents of the University of California and their ranking officials, is the first of its kind.

http://www.jweekly.com/article/full/61116/former-u.c.-berkeley-student-files-suit-charges-endangerment-of-jewish-stud/

2011(29^th of Adar I, 5771): Vivienne Harris, 89, who worked with her husband to found the Jewish Telegraph, now a regional publishing powerhouse in northern England with editions in Manchester, Leeds, Liverpool and Glasgow, passed away. Harris received an Order of the British Empire -- MBE -- for her professional and charitable works and was still active as the company's financial director until days before her death. Her son, Paul, the Telegraph's editor, said that "I always said that she had three children -- myself, my brother and the Jewish Telegraph. The paper was very much her baby, and she nurtured it like a child for 60 years. Even in her 90th year, she was devoted to the company." Israel's ambassador to the United Kingdon, Ron Prosor, said that Harris "embodied what we should all be proud of: Jewish values, Zionistic determination and motivation of someone who established the Jewish Telegraph with her late husband with just the 10 fingers that she had, against all the odds. A remarkable woman who I had the privilege of meeting and talking to. It's a great loss (As reported by the Eulogizer)

2012: The AIPAC Policy Conference is scheduled to begin in Washington, DC

2012: Jeremy Skidmore (director) and the Designers of “New Jerusalem: The Interrogation of Baruch De Spinoza” are scheduled to take part in a “Talk Back” which is part of “a month-long national conversation about Spinoza’s impact and legacy.”

2012: Rabbi Jeffery Saks is scheduled to lead the first in a three-part mini-series, “Aganon’s Eretz Yisrael” that examines the work of Nobel Prize Winner, S.Y. Agnon.

2012: Virginia’s Eric Cantor, the House Majority Leader and the only Jewish Republican serving in the U.S. House of Representatives endorsed Mitt Romney for president and said that he is not interested in the vice-presidency.

2012(10^th of Adar): Ninety-seven-year-old Shmuel Tankus, who commanded Israel’s navy from 1954 until 1960 passed away today.

http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4198215,00.html

http://www.jweekly.com/article/full/64524/shmuel-tankus-97-former-israeli-navy-commander/

http://www.jta.org/2012/03/06/jewish-holidays/hanukkah/former-israeli-navy-commander-shmuel-tankus-dies-at-97

2012: President Barak Obama addressed the AIPAC Policy Conference.

http://www.jta.org/news/article/2012/03/04/3091959/obama-policy-to-prevent-iran-from-obtaining-a-nuclear-weapon 

2013: Josh Sussman is scheduled to host a Montreal Aliyah Fair this evening.

2013: Dr. Brian Horowitz is scheduled to be the first speaker at today’s session of the a day-long conference at Tulane University - “Jewish Music in New Orleans”

2013(22^nd of Adar, 5773): Sixty-eight-year-old Rabbi Menachem Froman died tonight at his home in Tekoa in Gush Etzion, where 200 of his students and followers sang and prayed instead of learning with him a weekly lesson in the mystical Zohar.

http://www.jpost.com/JewishWorld/JewishNews/Article.aspx?id=305321

2013: Pawel Frenkel, who fought alongside Mordecai Anielewicz is to be commemorated today at an event marking anniversary of the Jewish rebellion

http://www.israelhayom.com/site/newsletter_article.php?id=7695

2014: Sandy, Larry and Michael Levin, from suburban Chicago, are among those scheduled to attend the final day of the AIPAC Policy Conference in Washington, DC.

2014: Emily Casden, Coordinating Curator for “Art Spiegelman’s Co-Mix: A Retrospective” is scheduled to participate in a Q & A following a screening of “The Art of Spiegelman.”

2014: “Dancing in Jaffa” and “An Evening of Yiddish Song” are scheduled to be shown at the 24^th Washington Jewish Film Festival.

2014: The Historic 6^th & I Synagogue is scheduled to host “Judaism on Trial: The Barcelona Disputation of 1263”

2014: The Library of Congress is scheduled to host a screening of Regina, Diana Goo’s documentary about Regina Jonas the first female Rabbi ordained in Germany who was murdered at Auschwitz in 1944.

2014: Arab terrorists hurled a firebomb today at the community of Beit El, in the Binyamin region, north of Jerusalem. No one was hurt and no damage was caused. A similar attack took place on yesterday, too.

2014(2^nd of Adar II, 5774): Fifty-nine Rabbi Daniel Moscowitz, the Chicago native who “has led Chabad in Illinois since 1977” died suddenly today.

2014(2^nd of Adar II, 5774): Nine-two-year-old Frances Calisch Rothenberg, “the granddaughter of Edward N. Calisch of Temple Beth Ahabah passed away today.

http://www.richmond.com/obituaries/rothenberg-frances-calisch/article_4755d663-7fa6-5517-a445-d2c919b83ec7.html

2014: GW’s Rabin Chair Forum and Middle East Forum and the Middle East Program of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars are scheduled to host a program about the making of “JERUSALEM” a “film that tells the…story of Jerusalem through the viewpoints of…Christianity, Islam and Judaism.

http://theschmooze.org/c/pdf/JerusalemGW_E3414.pdf

2014: YIVO is scheduled to host “Jacob Glatstein: A Yiddish Genius in Anglicizing America.”

2015: Britain’s advertising watchdog banned an Israeli government tourism advertisement for suggesting that the Old City of Jerusalem is part of Israel today.

http://www.timesofisrael.com/uk-bans-ad-for-implying-jerusalems-old-city-part-of-israel/

2015: The Daily Mail reported today that “A hillside house dating back to the early first century CE in northern Israel may have been the Nazareth home where Jesus was raised, according to researchers.

http://www.timesofisrael.com/galilee-structure-may-be-jesus-boyhood-home/

2015(13^th of Adar, 5775): Fast of Esther

2015: In the evening, Temple Judah in Cedar Rapids has a “Pizza” Purim complete with costumes and the traditional Megillah Reading

2016: Rabbi Kushner is scheduled to speaking about “Learning Life from Painting” as an exhibition of his paintings opens at Congregation Emanuel-El of San Francisco.

2016: Agudas Achim, in Coralville, IA, is scheduled to host the 20^th Annual Shabbat Across North America.

2017(6^th of Adar, 5777): Parashat Terumah;

2017: “State of Deception: The Power of Nazi Propaganda” is scheduled to come to an end today in New York City.

2017: Assemblyman Dov Hikins tweeted photos tonight showing “headstones toppled in a Brooklyn Jewish cemetery.”

2017: National Day of Unplugging

http://www.sabbathmanifesto.org/unplug/

2018: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Enlightenment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism and Progress by Steven Pinker, Becoming Myself: A Psychiatrist’s Memoir by Irvin D. Yalom and The Narrow Space: A Pediatric Oncologist, His Jewish, Muslim, and Christian Patients, and a Hospital in Jerusalem by Elisha Waldman

2018: Education Minister Naftali Bennett announced that Gil Shwed, the CEO of Israeli cybersecurity firm Check Point, has been awarded the Israel Prize in technology and innovation.”

https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/gil-shwed

2018(17th of Adar, 5778): the San Francisco born son of Clayton Solomon, the founder of Tower Cut Rate Drugs and “the former Annette Sockolov” gave birth to Russell Malcom “Russ” Solomon, the founder of Tower Records.

https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/05/obituaries/russell-solomon-founder-of-tower-records-dies-at-92.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

2018: The American Sepahrdi Federation is scheduled to present “Queen Esther’s Dilemma,” “a musical by Samuel J. Bernstein inspired by the” Megillah Esther.

2018: In Ames, IA, home of the ISU Cyclones, the Ames Jewish Congregation is scheduled to host a Megiallah reading “and other fun activities” this morning.

2018: YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, Center for Jewish History, American Jewish Historical Society, Leo Baeck Institute & Yeshiva University Museum are scheduled to present “March Mash-Up” a family festival featuring The Gefilteria’s Liz Alpern and Jeffrey Yoskowitz, singer Eléonore Biezunski, storyteller Shane Baker, and the Yiddish puppet theater troupe Great Small Works.

2018: “Filmmaker and writer Aviva Kempner, who is responsible for The Life and Times of Hank Greenberg” and “Rosenwald” is scheduled to wear a red, white and blue button at the Oscar ceremony reading “Let’s Love Our Kids More Than Our Guns!”

2018: The final performance of “A Walk With Mr. Heifetz” which is based on performance by the violinist Jashcah Heifitz at Ein Harold Kibbutz in 1926, is scheduled to take place at the Cherry Lane Theatre.

2019: The Yeshiva University Museum is scheduled to present “The Land of Israel – In Song” featuring “Israeli singer Ariella Edvy” who “embarks on a musical journey through Israel’s diverse sites and environments – from the Sea of Galilee to the Dead Sea, from bustling cities to agricultural kibbutzim.”

2019: The 24^th East Bay International Jewish Film Festival is scheduled to host “The Last Supper” and “Promise at Dawn” (La promesse de l’aube)

2019: As part of the Jewish Book Festival, an evening with Robert Alter discussing his “translation of the Hebrew Bible” with Raphael Zarum, the “Dean of the London School of Jewish Studies.”

2019: At Book Passage Marin, Matti Friedman is scheduled to discuss Spies of No Country, which tells the story of “four Mizrachi Jewish spies under in Lebanon during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.”

2019: In Washington, DC, American University is scheduled to host “What’s Radical About Jewish Feminism” in which “Professor Joyce Antler as interviews civil rights icon Heather Booth and pioneering Jewish lesbian feminist Dr. Evelyn Torton Beck, who are featured in Antler's new book, Jewish Radical Feminism: Voices from the Women's Liberation Movement.”

2019: The Jewish Federation of Greater Des Moines, Chabad of Ames, the ISU Department of History and the Philosophy and Religious Studies at ISU are scheduled to host “The Holocaust through the Eyes of a Child Survivor” an evening with Inge Auerbach where she “shares her story as a Holocaust survivor who spent 3 years as a young child in Terezin concentration camp in Czechoslovakia. Auerbacher was born in Kippenheim, Germany, survived Kristallnacht, and was deported with her parents in 1942 to Terezin, where out of 15,000 children only about 1 percent survived.”

2020: Adas Israel and the Capital Jewish Museum are scheduled to host a dessert reception, film, and panel discussion on confronting the environment of hate American Jews face today with “Tom Gutherz, Senior Rabbi of Charlottesville’s Congregation Beth Israel, and Doron Ezickson, ADL Vice President of the Mid-Atlantic/Midwest Division.”

2020: The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to host “Hammenashen Bake for Chairty” where students “bake Hamantashen to help raise money for the amazing work GIFT do all year round and on Purim.”

2020: The Streicker Center is scheduled to host “Anti-Semitism: The Hate That Sill Won’t Die in the US.”

2020: The Taube Center for Jewish Studies at Stanford University is scheduled to host Elisheva Baumgarten, the Prof. Yitzchak Becker Chair for Jewish Studies and professor in the Department of Jewish History and Contemporary Jewry and the Department of History as she lectures on “Learning from the Dead about the Living: Jewish Daily Life in Medieval Northern Europe.”

2020: In Brookline, MA, the Chai Center is scheduled to host a “Hamantashen Baking Workshop.”

2021: The Streicker Center is scheduled to present “Beyond the Exodus: The Haggadah’s Lessons for Life” during which “Mark Gerson, author of The Telling: How Judaism’s Essential Book Reveals the Meaning of Life, will plumb the text with Senator Cory Booker.

2021: In Palm Beach Gardens, FL, Cantorial Soloist Abbie Strauss is scheduled to lead the morning minyan.

2021: The Jewish Community Alliance of Southern Maine is scheduled to present “The Passover Haggadah: A Biography – A Zoom talk with author Rabbi Vanessa Ochs.”

2021: The National JCC Literary Consortium and the Atlanta History Center are scheduled to present Tulane University history professor and award-winning author Walter Isaacson as he discusses his latest work The Code Breaker: Jennifer Doudna, Gene Editing, and the Future of the Human Race, an “account of how Nobel Prize winner Jennifer Doudna and her colleagues launched a revolution that will allow us to cure diseases, fend off viruses, and have healthier babies.

2021: The UC Berkley Center of Jewish Studies is scheduled to present Arun Viswanath as he talks about his challenges in translating Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone into Yiddish with Hebrew Bible translator Robert Alter.

2022: The Sir Martin Gilbert Learning Centre is scheduled to host a lecture by Shirli Gilbert, Professor of Modern Jewish History at University College London, on “Wandering Jews: Migration in Modern Jewish History.”

2022: “The Fight Over ‘Maus’ Is Part of a Bigger Cultural Battle in Tennessee” published today described the decision of the McMinn Count School Board to remove the graphic novel about the Holocaust from its eighth-grade curriculum.

2022: “Rabbi Labish Becker, the executive director of Agudath Israel of America, an umbrella organization of ultra-Orthodox Jewish groups, has raised more than $2 million for Ukraine since the Russian invasion.”

2023: Starting “Paris Boutique” is scheduled to be available for rent thanks to UK Jewish Film.

2023: In Boston, the Emerson Colonial Theatre is scheduled to present The Simon & Garfunkel Story”  “a critically acclaimed concert-style theatre show about two young Jewish boys from Queens, New York, who went on to become the world’s most successful music duo of all time.”

2023: Hadassah Great Plains is scheduled to host its second annual “Shabbat Zachor Havdalah.”

2023: In San Rafael, CA, the Osher Family JCC is scheduled to host two Purim Parties.

2023: The Eden Tamir Music Center is scheduled to present “Ensemble Millennium/Toscanini Quartet, Ensemble in Residence and Friends.”

2023(11^th of Adar, 5783): Shabbat Zachor

2024: Vice President “Harris is slated to meet with visiting war cabinet Minister Benny Gantz in Washington” today.

2024: In Metairie, LA, the Jewish Community is scheduled to host a Hamantaschen Baking Event.

2024: As March 4th begins in Israel, the Hamas held hostages begin day 150 in captivity.  (Editor’s note: this situation is too fluid for this blog to cover so we are just providing a snapshot as of the posting at midnight Israeli time.)